The palladium-catalyzed coupling of 9,10-dibromoanthracene with α,β-unsaturated
esters, sulfonates, and sulfonamides forms symmetric 9,10-dialkyl
substituted anthracenes in good yield. Conversion of these compounds
to the corresponding carboxylic and sulfonic acids gives water-soluble
symmetric 9,10-disubstituted anthracenes.
organometallic chemistry - palladium - Heck
reaction - anthracenes - dienes