Magnetresonanztomographie in der Diagnostik der Osteoporose

Zusammenfassung

Neben den etablierten Knochendichtemessverfahren werden neue Verfahren zur Charakterisierung der Trabekelstruktur entwickelt. Die magnetresonanztomographischen Verfahren basieren zum einen auf der hochauflösenden Darstellung des trabekulären Knochens und zum anderen auf der Bestimmung der T2*-Relaxationszeit, die in Abhängigkeit von der Dichte des Trabekelskeletts mehr oder weniger stark verkürzt wird. Die hochauflösenden MR-tomographischen Verfahren haben sich in klinischen Studien dem Standardverfahren, der Knochendichte, als gleichwertig erwiesen und liefern darüber hinaus komplementäre Informationen zur Osteoporosediagnostik. Derzeit sind diese Verfahren noch als Forschungsinstrumente zu werten, mit der Verbesserung der MR-Technik ist aber der Einsatz dieser hochauflösenden Methoden zur Strukturanalyse des Knochens auch bei besonderen Fragestellungen im Rahmen klinischer Untersuchungen möglich.

Abstract

New methods for characterising the trabecular structure are being developed alongside the traditional methods for bone density measurement. MRI methods are based on the one hand on the high-resolution imaging of the trabecular bone and on the other hand on determining the T2* relaxation time which is shortened more or less pronouncedly depending on the density of the trabecular skeleton. These high-resolution MRI methods have proved to be equal to the standard bone density measurement procedures in clinical studies. What is more, they also furnish complementary information on the diagnosis of osteoporosis. At present the MRI methods are considered to be research tools. However, as these high-resolution methods for bone structure analysis are being improved by an even more refined MR technique they will become increasingly useful in solving specific problems within the framework of clinical examinations.

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