Aktuelle Ernährungsmedizin 2003; 28: 103-109
DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-36931
Diabetologie
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

DGEM-Leitlinie Enterale Ernährung:
Diabetologie

DGEM Guidelines Enteral Nutrition: Diabetes MellitusK.  Parhofer1 , B.  Göke1 , H.  Hauner2 , H.  Laube3 , H.  Lehnert4 , J.  Schrezenmeir5 , M.  D.  Toeller2
  • 1Med. Klinik II, Großhadern, Klinikum der Universität München
  • 2Deutsches Diabetes-Forschungsinstitut, Deutsche Diabetesklinik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
  • 3Med. Klinik III, Zentrum für Innere Medizin des Universitätsklinikums Gießen
  • 4Klinik für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechselkrankheiten, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Magdeburg
  • 5Institut für Physiologie u. Biochemie, Bundesanstalt für Milchforschung Kiel
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
27 January 2003 (online)

Literatur

  • 1 van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F. et al . Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients.  N Engl J Med. 2001;  345 1359-1367
  • 2 Beaven K. Gastroparesis and jejunal feeding.  J Ren Nutr. 1999;  9 202-205
  • 3 Dowling C J, Kumar S, Boulton J M. et al . Severe gastroparesis diabeticorum in a young patient with insulin dependent diabetes.  BMJ. 1995;  310 308-311
  • 4 Devendra D, Millward B A, Travis S P. Diabetic gastroparesis improved by percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy.  Diabetes Care. 2000;  23 426-427
  • 5 Fontana R J, Barnett J L. Jejunostomy tube placement in refractory diabetic gastroparesis: a retrospective review.  Am J Gastroenterol. 1996;  91 2174-2178
  • 6 Rabine J C, Barnett J L. Management of the patient with gastroparesis.  J Clin Gastroenterol. 2001;  32 11-18
  • 7 Shimizu H, Shimomura Y, Takahashi M, Kobayashi I, Tomizawa T, Kobayashi S. Enteral hyperalimentation with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion improved severe diarrhea in poorly controlled diabetic patient.  JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr . 1991;  15 181-183
  • 8 van Heel D A, Levitt N S, Winter T A. Diabetic neuropathic cachexia: the importance of positive recognition and early nutritional support.  Int J Clin Pract. 1998;  52 591-592
  • 9 Ditesheim J A, Richards W, Sharp K. Fatal and disastrous complications following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.  Am Surg. 1989;  55 92-96
  • 10 Taylor C A, Larson D E, Ballard D J. et al . Predictors of outcome after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: a community-based study.  Mayo Clin Proc. 1992;  67 1042-1049
  • 11 Kalliafas S, Choban P S, Ziegler D, Drago S, Flancbaum L. Erythromycin facilitates postpyloric placement of nasoduodenal feeding tubes in intensive care unit patients: randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.  JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1996;  20 385-388
  • 12 Kittinger J W, Sandler R S, Heizer W D. Efficacy of metoclopramide as an adjunct to duodenal placement of small-bore feeding tubes: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.  JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1987;  11 33-37
  • 13 Craig L D, Nicholson S, Silverstone F A, Kennedy R D. Use of a reduced-carbohydrate, modified-fat enteral formula for improving metabolic control and clinical outcomes in long-term care residents with type 2 diabetes: results of a pilot trial.  Nutrition. 1998;  14 529-534
  • 14 McCargar L J, Innis S M, Bowron E. et al . Effect of enteral nutritional products differing in carbohydrate and fat on indices of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with NIDDM.  Mol Cell Biochem. 1998;  188 81-89
  • 15 Low C C, Grossman E B, Gumbiner B. Potentiation of effects of weight loss by monounsaturated fatty acids in obese NIDDM patients.  Diabetes. 1996;  45 569-575
  • 16 Peters A L, Davidson M B, Isaac R M. Lack of glucose elevation after simulated tube feeding with a low-carbohydrate, high-fat enteral formula in patients with type I diabetes.  Am J Med. 1989;  87 178-182
  • 17 Peters A L, Davidson M B. Effects of various enteral feeding products on postprandial blood glucose response in patients with type I diabetes.  JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1992;  16 69-74
  • 18 Peters A L, Davidson M B. Addition of hydrolyzed guar to enteral feeding products in type I diabetic patients.  Diabetes Care. 1996;  19 899-900
  • 19 Sanz-Paris A, Calvo L, Guallard A, Salazar I, Albero R. High-fat versus high-carbohydrate enteral formulae: effect on blood glucose, C-peptide, and ketones in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin or sulfonylurea.  Nutrition. 1998;  14 840-845
  • 20 Golay A, Schneider H, Bloise D, Vadas L, Assal J P. The effect of a liquid supplement containing guar gum and fructose on glucose tolerance in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients.  Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 1995;  5 141-148
  • 21 Printz H, Recke B, Fehmann H C, Goke B. No apparent benefit of liquid formula diet in NIDDM.  Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 1997;  105 134-139
  • 22 Toeller M. Stellungnahme der Diabetes und Nutrition Study-Group (DNSG) of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) 2000 und des Ausschusses Ernährung der Deutschen Diabetes Gesellschaft. Ernährungsempfehlungen für Diabetiker 2000.  Diabetes und Stoffwechsel. 2000;  9 241-246
  • 23 Ha T K, Lean M E. Recommendations for the nutritional management of patients with diabetes mellitus.  Eur J Clin Nutr. 1998;  52 467-481
  • 24 American Diabetes Association . Evidence-based nutrition principles and recommendations for the treatment and prevention of diabetes and related complications (Technical Review).  Diabetes Care. 2002;  25 148-198
  • 25 American Diabetes Association . Evidence-based nutrition principles and recommendations for the treatment and prevention of diabetes and related complications (Position Statement).  Diabetes Care. 2002;  25 202-212
  • 26 Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft . Stellungnahme der Deutschen Diabetes-Gesellschaft: Statement zu Zuckeraustauschstoffen.  Diabetologie-Informationen. 1999;  4 314-316
  • 27 Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft . Deutsche Evidenz-basierte Diabetes Leitlinien. Diskussionsentwurf.  Diabetes und Stoffwechsel. 1999;  8 25-36
  • 28 Stürmer W, Kasper H, Schrezenmeir J, Kramer E. Favorable glycemic effects of a new balanced liquid diet for enteral nutrition - results of a short-term study in 30 typ II diabetic patients.  Clin Nutr. 1994;  13 221-227

PD Dr. med. Klaus Parhofer

Med. Klinik II - Großhadern · Klinikum der Universität München

Marchoninistraße 15

81377 München

Email: klaus.parhofer@med2.med.uni-muenchen.de