Background and Study Aims: Numerous images characteristic of chronic pancreatitis have been obtained with fiberoptic peroral pancreatoscopy systems. However, the resolution of these images is inferior to that obtained with peroral electronic pancreatoscopy (PEPS). Clearer images of the pancreatic duct with chronic pancreatitis have now been documented, in some cases using PEPS alone. The significance of this finding is reported here.Patients and Methods: A total of 42 PEPS procedures were carried out in 36 patients with chronic pancreatitis, without sphincterotomy or balloon dilation of the papilla of Vater. Using endoscopic retrograde pancreatography, the patients were classified as having equivocal (n = 5), mild (n = 5), moderate (n = 15), or marked (n = 11) degrees of chronic pancreatitis. The insertion rate with PEPS was 90 % (38 of 42 procedures), and it was ultimately possible to examine five, three, 13, and 11 patients in each group, respectively.Results: Images of turbid pancreatic juice, protein plugs of various shapes, pancreatic calculi, indistinct vascular markings, whitish mucosa, local redness, scattered redness, disappearance of the fold, deformation of the fold, irregularly dilated lumen, and stenosis were found to be characteristic of chronic pancreatitis. These images were obtained using PEPS.Conclusions: PEPS proved to be a feasible new technique for diagnosing chronic pancreatitis, and it was able to detect abnormal findings more clearly than other imaging methods.
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