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DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-39329
Sporadische akute Hepatitis E in Deutschland: eine zu selten erkannte Erkrankung?
Sporadic Acute Hepatitis E in Germany: an Underdiagnosed Phenomenon?Publication History
Manuscript-Eingang: 30.9.2002
Annahme nach Revision: 13.12.2002
Publication Date:
28 May 2003 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die akute Hepatitis E ist die weltweit häufigste Ursache der fäkal-oral übertragenen Hepatitis. In Deutschland ist die akute Hepatitis-E-Viruserkrankung weitgehend auf Rückkehrer aus Endemiegebieten beschränkt.
Ein 33-jähriger Mann wurde wegen eines schmerzlosen hepatozellulären Ikterus in ein Krankenhaus eingewiesen. Die Leberbiopsie zeigte eine akute Hepatitis; durch Serologie konnte keine Ursache nachgewiesen werden. Nach Entlassung waren die Transaminasen weiter erhöht. Die nachfolgenden serologischen Untersuchungen (anti-HEV-IgG und anti-HEV-lgM) erbrachten das Ergebnis einer akuten Hepatitis E. Die Leberparameter normalisierten sich im Verlauf von sechs Monaten vollständig. Eine detaillierte anamnestische Befragung ergab keinen Aufenthalt in einem Hepatitis-E-Endemiegebiet oder Kontakt zu Rückkehrern aus diesen Gebieten. Neben unserem Fall wurden 2001 weitere 34 Fälle von akuter Hepatitis E an das Robert-Koch-Institut gemeldet, in fünf davon erfolgte die Infektion offensichtlich in Deutschland.
Entgegen der bisherigen Auffassung kann eine sporadische Hepatitis-E-lnfektion in Deutschland erworben werden und sollte in die differenzialdiagnostischen Überlegungen bei akuter seronegativer (non-A-non-B-non-C-)Hepatitis einbezogen werden.
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus infection is the leading cause of enterically transmitted hepatitis worldwide. Case reports of hepatitis E in individuals in Germany so far related to travel to endemic areas.
A 33-year-old man presented with painless jaundice. By serology and liver biopsy, no cause of hepatitis could be identified. After discharge transaminases were persistently elevated. Serology (IgG and IgM) confirmed acute hepatitis E. The transaminases declined to normal values within six months. Detailed anamnestic questioning revealed no travel to an endemic region or contact with individuals who had visited such areas. In addition to our patient, a total of 34 cases of acute hepatitis E were reported to the Robert-Koch-Institute (German center of disease control) in 2001. In five of them, the disease had obviously been acquired in Germany.
These data indicate that community acquired hepatitis E virus infection may occur sporadically in Germany and should be considered as a cause of seronegative (non-A-non-B-non-C) hepatitis.
Schlüsselwörter
Akute sporadische Hepatitis - Hepatitis E - Deutschland
Key words
Acute sporadic hepatitis - hepatitis E - Germany
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Dr. med. N. Teich
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universität Leipzig
Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 27
04103 Leipzig
Email: teichn@medizin.uni-leipzig.de