Background and Study Aims: This study was designed to prospectively compare the diagnostic yield of the M2A
endoscopic capsule with that of video push-enteroscopy in exploring the small intestine
in patients with obscure digestive bleeding.
Patients and Methods: Patients with either occult or overt obscure digestive bleeding and a negative endoscopic
work-up underwent a double intestinal investigation, with video push-enteroscopy and
a wireless capsule, performed blindly by separate examiners. The diagnostic yield
for each technique was defined as the frequency of detection of clinically relevant
intestinal lesions, i. e. those having the potential for bleeding.
Results: 60 patients (27 men, 33 women; age 58 ± 18 years; hemoglobin 9.4 ± 2.5 g/dl) were
included, 32 with occult and 28 with overt bleeding. Results were analyzed for 58
patients, who completed both examinations. Lesions were detected in 43 patients: with
both techniques in 19, only by capsule in 21, and, conversely, only by push-enteroscopy
in 3 (P = 0.04). Final diagnoses were as follows: a P2 lesion with high bleeding potential
in 28 patients (19 angiomata, 6 ulcerations, 2 tumors, 1 case of intestinal varices);
a P1 lesion with intermediate bleeding potential in 15 patients (2 patients with mucosal
erosions, 13 patients with mucosal red spots); and there were normal findings from
15 procedures. No procedure induced any complication.
Conclusion: The use of the wireless endoscopy capsule detects significantly more clinically relevant
intestinal lesions than video push-enteroscopy in patients with obscure digestive
bleeding, raising the diagnostic yield to 67.2 %. Its influence on the clinical outcome
for patients needs further investigation.
Abstract in French
But de l’étude: Le but de cette étude était de comparer l’intérêt diagnostique de la capsule endoscopique
M2A et celui de l’entéroscopie poussée pour l’exploration de l’intestin grêle chez
des patients avec saignement digestif obscur.
Patients et Méthodes: Des patients avec saignement digestif obscur, occulte ou visible et un bilan endoscopique
négatif ont été recrutés prospectivement et explorés par deux examens de l’intestin
grêle: une entéroscopie poussée et une capsule endoscopique, réalisés par deux opérateurs
différents, non informés des résultats de l’autre examen. Le gain diagnostique des
deux techniques était défini par la fréquence de détection de lésions cliniquement
significatives, c’est-à-dire celles ayant un réel potentiel hémorragique.
Résultats : 60 patients (27 hommes, âge 58 ± 18 ans; hémoglobine 9.4 ± 2.5 g/dl) ont été inclus:
32 avec un saignement occulte and 28 avec un saignement visible. Les résultats ont
été analysés pour 58 patients qui ont subi les deux examens. Des lésions ont été détectées
chez 43 patients: chez 19, avec les deux techniques, chez 21 uniquement par la capsule
et chez 3, uniquement par l’entéroscopie poussée (P = 0.0396). Le diagnostic final était une lésion P2, avec fort potentiel hémorragique
chez 28 patients (19 angiomes, 6 ulcérations, 2 tumeurs, 1 cas de varices intestinales),
une lésion P1 avec un potentiel hémorragique intermédiaire chez 15 patients (2 patients
avec des érosions muqueuses, 13 patients avec des points rouges sur la muqueuse);
15 examens étaient normaux. Aucune complication n’a été observée.
Conclusion: La capsule endoscopique détecte significativement plus de lésions intestinales potentiellement
hémorragiques que l’entéroscopie poussée chez des patients présentant un saignement
digestif obscur, augmentant la rentabilité diagnostique de l’entéroscopie à 67.2 %.
L’influence de cette technique sur le pronostic des patients mérite d’être étudiée
par des études cliniques.
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G. Gay, M.D.
Internal Medicine Department J
CHU de Brabois · 54511 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy·
Fax: +33-383-154012
Email: g.gay@chu-nancy.fr