Zusammenfassung
Depressionen gehören bei Allgemeinkrankenhauspatienten zu den häufigsten psychischen
Störungen. Sie haben nicht selten negative Auswirkungen auf die Prognose und die Behandlung
körperlicher Erkrankungen. Andererseits werden sie in der medizinischen Versorgungssituation
oftmals nicht erkannt oder suffizient behandelt. Neben einem historischen Abriss der
diagnostischen Konzeptualisierung der sekundären Depression gibt der Artikel einen
Überblick über körperliche Erkrankungen und Medikamente mit klarer Assoziation zu
Depressionen. Phänomenologische Aspekte, die von Relevanz für die Diagnosestellung
einer Depression bei somatisch Kranken sind, sowie therapeutische Behandlungsrationalen
im psychiatrischen Konsiliardienst werden diskutiert. Überlegungen aus konsiliarpsychiatrischer
Sicht zur Wahl eines geeigneten Antidepressivums bei körperlich Kranken werden exemplarisch
anhand der häufig mit Depressionen assoziierten Parkinsonerkrankung und Epilepsie
erörtert.
Abstract
Depression in general hospital patients is one of the main psychiatric problems in
the medically ill. It often complicates the treatment and prognosis of patients with
active medical conditions. However, depression in the medically ill is frequently
under-recognized and under-treated. This article reviews the historical concept of
secondary depression, and gives an overview of medical conditions and medications
associated with depression. Phenomenological issues in the diagnosis of depression
in medically ill populations and treatment considerations in C-L psychiatry settings
will be discussed. The authors have used the examples of Parkinson's disease and epilepsy
commonly associated with depression to illustrate how these considerations affect
the C-L psychiatrist's choice of an antidepressant in the medically ill.
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Dr. med. Hans-Bernd Rothenhäusler
Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie der Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
Auenbruggerplatz 31
8036 Graz
Österreich
eMail: Hans-Bernd.Rothenhaeusler@klinikum-graz.at