Emerging Indications for Interventional Endoscopic Ultrasonography

Introduction

Remarkable advances have been made in endoscopic ultrasound in recent years with endoscopic ultrasound moving from a pure diagnostic procedure to an interventional modality. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided fine needle aspiration has established its clinical impact in sampling lesions within and in close proximity to the gastrointestinal tract in multiple locations above and below the diaphragm [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. The development of echoendoscopes that allow real time visualization of a needle along its length has circumvented the earlier problem of EUS not being able to provide a tissue diagnosis and has opened up a host of possibilities of different interventional techniques under EUS guidance. Linear array echoendoscopes are able to visualize a needle along its long axis as well as ultrasonically monitor its depth of penetration. This has resulted in fine needle aspiration under EUS guidance becoming a standard procedure for sampling lymph nodes, pancreatic masses and submucosal lesions [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. Many other possibilities exist for utilization of EUS as an interventional procedure. This paper will review some recent, novel, emerging and ongoing applications/possibilities with interventional EUS.

References

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