The Ethnic Nose

Thomas Romo III; Manoj T. Abraham

doi:10.1055/s-2003-43162

Facial Plastic Surgery, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Facial Plast Surg 2003; 19(3): 269-278
DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-43162

The Ethnic Nose

Thomas Romo, III^1,2,3 , Manoj T. Abraham¹

¹Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital
²Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary
³Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, New York Medical College, New York, NY

Abstract

ABSTRACT

There are distinctive anatomical differences between the non-Caucasian (platyrrhine, mesorrhine) nose and the Caucasian (leptorrhine) nose. In general, non-Caucasian patients requesting aesthetic rhinoplasty desire improvement and refinement of their noses with preservation of defining ethnic characteristics. Surgeons who perform rhinoplasty in this patient population must be familiar with the variations in nasal anatomy and implement augmentation rather than reduction techniques to achieve the desired aesthetic and functional outcomes. We provide a brief review of recent historical trends in ethnic rhinoplasty, highlight relevant anatomical differences, and describe our strategy for addressing the challenges of ethnic rhinoplasty.

KEYWORDS

Platyrrhine - mesorrhine - non-Caucasian - cosmetic nasal reconstruction

Volltext

Referenzen

REFERENCES

1 Schultz A H. Relation of the external nose to the bony nose and nasal cartilages in Whites and Negroes. Am J Phys Anthropol . 1913; 1 329-339
2 Matory Jr E W, Falces E. Non-Caucasian rhinoplasty: 16 year experience. Plast Reconstr Surg . 1986; 77 239-251
3 Stucker F J. Non-Caucasian rhinoplasty. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol . 1976; 82 417-422
4 Ofodile F A, James E A. Anatomy of alar cartilages in Blacks. Plast Reconstr Surg . 1997; 100 699-703
5 Porter J P, Olson K L. Anthropometric facial analysis of the African-American woman. Arch Facial Plast Surg . 2001; 3 191-197
6 Baker H L, Krause C J. Update on the Negroid nose: an anatomic and anthropometric analysis. In: Ward PH, Berman WE, eds. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Head and Neck St Louis, Mo: Mosby-Year Book 1984: 1
7 Milgrim L M, Lawson W, Cohen A F. Anthropometric analysis of the female Latino nose: revised aesthetic concepts and their surgical implications. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg . 1996; 122 1079-1086
8 Aung S C, Foo C L, Lee S T. Three dimensional laser scan assessment of the Oriental nose with a new classification of Oriental nasal types. Br J Plast Surg . 2000; 53 109-116
9 Wang D, Qian G, Zhang M, Farkas L G. Differences in horizontal, neoclassical facial canons in Chinese (Han) and North American Caucasian populations. Aesth Plast Surg . 1997; 21 265-269
10 Martin J G. Racial ethnocentrism and judgment of beauty. J Soc Psychol . 1964; 63 59
11 Falces E, Wesser D, Gorney M. Cosmetic surgery of the non-Caucasian nose. Plast Reconstr Surg . 1970; 45 317-325
12 Snyder G B. Rhinoplasty in the Negro. Plast Reconstr Surg . 1971; 47 572-575
13 Pitanguy I. The Negroid nose. In: Conley J, Dickinson J, eds. First International Symposium on Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of the Face and Neck New York: Grune & Stratton Inc 1972: 147-152
14 Stucker F J. Non-Caucasian rhinoplasty and adjunctive reduction cheiloplasty. Otolaryngol Clin North Am . 1987; 20 877-894
15 Yellin S A. Aesthetics for the next millennium. Facial Plast Surg . 1997; 13 231-239
16 Canbay E I, Bhatia S N. A comparison of nasal resistance in White Caucasians and Blacks. Am J Rhinology . 1997; 11 73-75
17 Burres S A. Acoustic rhinometry of the Oriental nose. Am J Rhinology . 1999; 13 407-410
18 McKinney P W, Mossie R D, Bailey M H. Calibrated alar base excision: a 20-year experience. Aesthetic Plast Surg . 1988; 12 71-75
19 Sheen J H. Aesthetic rhinoplasty St. Louis, Mo: Mosby 1978: 210-229
20 Romo III T, Shapiro A L. Aesthetic reconstruction of the platyrrhine nose. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg . 1992; 118 837-841
21 Romo III T, Sclafani A P, Sabini P. Use of porous high-density polyethylene in revision rhinoplasty and in the platyrrhine nose. Aesth Plast Surg . 1998; 22 211-221
22 Hubbard T J. Bridge narrowing in ethnic noses. Ann Plast Surg . 1998; 40 214-218
23 Larrabee Jr W F, Nishioka G L. Surgery of the non-Caucasian nose. In: Bailey BJ, Tardy ME Jr, eds. Head & Neck Surgery-Otolaryngology New York: Lippincott, Raven 1998: 2648-2655
24 Rohrich R J. Rhinoplasty in the Black patient. In: Daniel RK, ed. Rhinoplasty Boston: Little, Brown 1993: 659-676
25 Ortiz Monasterio F, Michelena J. The use of augmentation rhinoplasty techniques for the correction of the non-Caucasian nose. Clin Plast Surg . 1988; 15 57-72
26 Toriumi D M. Autogenous grafts are worth the extra time. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg . 2000; 126 562-564
27 Deva A K, Merten S, Chang L. Silicone in nasal augmentation rhinoplasty: a decade of clinical experience. Plast Reconstr Surg . 1998; 102 1230-1237