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DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-44824
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
FDG-PET und FDG-PET/CT bei malignen Lymphomen zur Therapie- und Verlaufskontrolle
FDG-PET and FDG-PET/CT for Therapy Monitoring and Restaging in Malignant LymphomaPublication History
Publication Date:
19 December 2003 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die Möglichkeit, mit der F-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG)-PET die Vitalität eines residuellen Tumors beim malignen Lymphom nachzuweisen, bietet eine differenzierte Diagnostik, die mit konventionellen Bildgebungsmodalitäten (CT oder MRT) nicht durchführbar ist. Auf der anderen Seite sind gerade bei der PET-Diagnostik kleine Befunde häufig nicht eindeutig zuzuordnen, so dass die seit kurzem Verfügbare kombiniert morphologisch-funktionelle Diagnostik mit PET/CT-Geräten eine viel versprechende technische Neuerrungenschaft ist. Es ist ohne Zweifel, dass schon PET alleine in der Diagnostik von residuellem Narbengewebe versus vitalem Tumorrest beim Lymphom den konventionellen Bildgebungsmodalitäten überlegen ist, wie in 15 in den letzten Jahren veröffentlichten Studien gezeigt wurde. Die mittlere Sensitivität, eine aktive Erkrankung mit der PET nachzuweisen, lag bei 91 %, einhergehend mit einer Spezifität von 89 %. Hieraus resultierend ließ sich für die PET ein negativer prädiktiver Wert von 94 % errechnen. Der Vergleich zu den konventionellen Bildgebungsmodalitäten wurde in neun Studien gezogen. Hier zeigte sich eine deutlich niedrigere Spezifität sowie eine niedrige positive Vorhersagewahrscheinlichkeit (31 % und 46 %, in einer Studie aber 82 %). PET-positives residuelles Tumorgewebe war mit einem progressionsfreien Überleben zwischen 0 und 55 % assoziiert. Im Rahmen der Therapieverlaufskontrolle ist der Einsatz der FDG-PET bislang in wenigen Studien untersucht worden, die ersten Ergebnisse sind aber auch hier vielversprechend. Die qualitative Darstellung des Glukoseumsatzes mit FDG-PET erscheint zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt die bestmögliche Charakterisierung der Vitalität und des Therapieansprechens darzustellen, und sie sollte deswegen in die diagnostischen Standardprotokolle bei Lymphomen aufgenommen werden. Die kombinierte PET/CT-Untersuchung ist der alleinigen PET-Untersuchung gegenüber als überlegen einzustufen, da häufig erst die kombinierte strukturelle und funktionelle Bildgebung einen klaren Befund liefern kann.
Abstract
F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET allows to assess residual masses in patients with malignant lymphoma differentiating vital tumor from scar tissue. This approach is not applicable with conventional imaging methods (CDM) such as CT or MRI. On the other hand circumscribed results often cannot be definitely allocated in PET, therefore the combined morphological-biochemical approach using the now available PET/CT systems promises to be a pathbreaking technical progress. There is no doubt that stand alone PET is superior to CDM differentiating residual scar tissue from vital tumor as has been shown in 15 recently published studies. The median sensitivity for detecting active disease with FDG PET across the studies was 91 %; the corresponding specificity was 89 %. As a result FDG PET had a high negative predictive value of 94 %. In contrast, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of CDM in the 9 studies were a direct comparison was available were low (31 % and 46 %, one study 82 %). PET positive residual masses were associated with a progression-free survival of 0 - 55 %. Only a few studies have included FDG-PET in therapy response monitoring studies, however also these results are promising. At the moment FDG-PET seems to be the best possibility to characterize and qualitatively visualize vitality of tumor masses and also hold promises for efficient therapy response monitoring in patients with malignant lymphoma. Therefore it should be included in standard diagnostic protocols in lymphoma patients. The combined PET/CT has to be ranked superior to conventional PET studies as in many cases the combined structural and functional imaging brings a clearer diagnostic statement.
Schlüsselwörter
Lymphom - multimodale Bildgebung - PET - CT - Therapiemonitoring
Key words
Lymphoma - multimodal imaging - PET - CT - therapy monitoring
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Dr. med. F. M. Mottaghy
Abteilung Nuklearmedizin
Universitätsklinikum Ulm
Robert-Koch-Str. 8
89081 Ulm
Phone: 07 31-5 00-3 38 07
Fax: 07 31-5 00-2 45 03
Email: felix.mottaghy@medizin.uni-ulm.de