Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Unter der Standardtherapie werden bei Kindern mit Morbus Hodgkin hervorragende Behandlungsergebnisse
erreicht. Die Behandlungsergebnisse bei Kindern mit Immundefekt sind weniger gut.
Patienten und Methoden: Mittels MEDLINE wurde eine systematische Literatursuche durchgeführt und die Datenbanken
der Studien DAL HD 78-HD 90 und GPOH HD 95 (n = 2263) wurden auf Immundefekte hin
abgefragt. Alter, Geschlecht, Art des Immundefektes, Krankheitsstadium, Behandlung
und Behandlungsergebnisse aller Fälle mit Immundefekt und Morbus Hodgkin wurden aufgenommen. Resultate: Es wurden 28 Fälle in der Literatur und 13 Fälle in den DAL/GPOH-Studien identifiziert.
19/28 und 6/13 Patienten hatten Immundefekte mit erhöhter DNA-Brüchigkeit (24/25 Ataxia
teleangiectasia, 1/25 Nijmegen breakage syndrome) und stellten sich vorwiegend in
den späten Erkrankungsstadien III - IV vor. Unter den Fällen in der Literatur mit
erhöhter DNA-Brüchigkeit gab es nur eines von 6 Kindern, das überlebte (16 Monate
nach Diagnose), während in der Gruppe ohne erhöhte DNA-Brüchigkeit 6 von 9 Kindern
überlebten. Auch in den DAL/GPOH-Studien überlebte nur eines von 6 Kindern, das einen
Immundefekt mit erhöhter DNA-Brüchigkeit hatte, während in der Gruppe ohne erhöhte
DNA-Brüchigkeit 5 von 7 Kindern überlebten. Schlussfolgerung: Die Literaturübersicht und die Datenanalyse der DAL/GPOH-Studien zeigen, dass für
Kinder, die einen Immundefekt mit erhöhter DNA-Brüchigkeit haben, sehr schlechte Behandlungsergebnisse
des Morbus Hodgkin erzielt werden. Um die Prognose von Kindern mit Immundefekt und
Morbus Hodgkin zu verbessern, schlagen wir daher vor, Kinder, die einen Immundefekt
mit erhöhter DNA-Brüchigkeit haben, anders zu behandeln als Kinder, die einen Immundefekt
ohne erhöhte DNA-Brüchigkeit haben.
Abstract
Background : Excellent treatment results have been obtained for children with Hodgkin's disease
(HD). Children with immunodeficiencies who present with HD do not have such a favourable
prognosis. Patients and Methods: A systematic literature search using MEDLINE and a search for immunodeficiencies
in the database of the trials DAL HD78-HD90 and GPOH HD95 (n = 2263) were carried
out. Age, sex, type of immunodeficiency, disease stage, treatment and outcome of all
HD cases with known immunodeficiency were recorded. Results: 28 published cases and 13 children in the DAL/GPOH trials were identified. 19/28
and 6/13 patients have immunodeficiencies with increased DNA breakage (24/25 ataxia
teleangiectasia, 1/25 Nijmegen breakage syndrome) who present largely with stage III
- IV HD. Among the published cases with increased DNA breakage there is only one child
who is surviving 16 months after diagnosis, while there are 6/9 survivors in the group
of immunodeficiencies without increased DNA breakage. Similarly, only 1/6 children
survives in the group of children reported to the DAL/GPOH trials suffering from HD
and immunodeficiency with increased DNA breakage, while the outcome in children suffering
from immunodeficiency without increased DNA breakage is much better with 5/7 survivors.
Conclusions: The literature review and data analysis of the DAL/GPOH studies show that treatment
outcome is almost invariably fatal in children with HD and immunodeficiency with increased
DNA breakage. Thus we propose to treat children with or without increased DNA breakage
differently to improve the outcome of Hodgkin's disease in the subgroup of children
with immunodeficiency.
Schlüsselwörter
Morbus Hodgkin - Immundefekt - Ataxia teleangiectasia - Louis-Bar-Syndrom
Key words
Hodgkin's disease - immunodeficiency - ataxia teleangiectasia - Louis-Bar-Syndrome
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. Tim Niehues
Pädiatrische Immunologie und Rheumatologie, Klinik für Kinder-Onkologie, -Hämatologie
und -Immunologie, Universitätsklinik Düsseldorf
Moorenstraße 5
40225 Düsseldorf
Phone: +49/211/811-7647
Fax: +49/211/811-6539
Email: niehues@uni-duesseldorf.de