Zusammenfassung
Studienziel: Der Riesenzelltumor (RZT) des Knochens gehört zu den facettenreichsten Knochentumoren. Anhand einer retrospektiven Analyse werden die Behandlungsergebnisse dargestellt. Methode: Von 1965 - 2002 wurden 87 Patienten, 54 weibliche und 33 männliche, mit einem RZT behandelt. Das Durchschnittsalter lag bei 28,2 (8 - 73) Jahren. Die mediane Nachbeobachtungszeit beträgt 91 Monate. 63 Patienten (72,4 %) wurden mit einem Primärtumor zugewiesen, davon 12 (19 %) mit einer pathologischen Fraktur. 24 Patienten (27,6 %) kamen mit einem Lokalrezidiv zur Aufnahme. Bei 80 Patienten wurde ein benigner und bei 7 ein maligner RZT diagnostiziert. Nach Campanacci wiesen 9 Patienten (10,3 %) ein Stadium I, 42 (48,3 %) ein Stadium II und 36 (41,4 %) ein Stadium III auf. In 43 Fällen (49,4 %) erfolgte die Kürettage des Tumors (Defektauffüllung mit Palacos: n = 36, mit Spongiosa: n = 7). Bei 35 Patienten (40,2 %) wurde eine Tumorresektion und bei 9 eine Amputation durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Lokalrezidive wurden bei 11 Patienten (12,6 %), ausschließlich beim benignen RZT, beobachtet. Drei dieser Patienten wiesen synchron pulmonale Metastasen auf. Nach Kürettage und Spongiosaplastik traten Rezidive in 3/7, nach Palacosimplantation in 7/36 und nach Amputationen in 1/9 Fällen auf. An einem malignen RZT verstarben 3/7 Patienten aufgrund der Progression pulmonaler Metastasierung. Schlussfolgerung: Es wird für eine additive Therapie des RZT des Knochens plädiert, um das Risiko des Lokalrezidivs und der pulmonalen Metastasierung zu reduzieren.
Abstract
Aim: Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a very peculiar and interesting tumor due to of its biological behavior and the phenomenon of pulmonary metastases of a histologically benign tumor. We present the results of a retrospective study. Methods: Between 1965 and 2002 we treated 87 patients, 54 women and 33 men, for a GCT of bone. The average age of the patients was 28.2 (range 8 - 72) years. The median follow-up time was 91 months. 63 patients (72.4 %) were hospitalized with a primary tumor. Twelve of these patients (19 %) had a pathological fracture. 24 patients (27.6 %) presented with local recurrence. 7 tumors were malignant GCT of bone, 80 tumors were benign. According to the classification of Campanacci, 9 patients (10.3 %) were diagnosed in stage I, 42 (48.3 %) in stage II, and 36 (41.4 %) in stage III. Surgical procedures were intralesional curettage and packing with cement in 36 patients, and bone-grafting in 7. In 35 cases we performed a wide resection, and in nine an amputation. Results: Local recurrence was observed in 11 patients (12.6 %), all of them were benign GCT. Local recurrences were followed by an intralesional curettage and bone-grafting in three cases (42.8 %), packing with cement in seven (19.4 %). Three patients with local recurrence (27.3 %) also had synchronous pulmonary metastases. All patients diagnosed with benign GCT are still alive. 3 out of 7 patients with malignant GCT died from progression of metastatic disease. Conclusion: To reduce the risk of local recurrence and pulmonary metastases, we recommend an adjuvant therapy of GCT.
Schlüsselwörter
Riesenzelltumor - chirurgische Therapie - Lokalrezidiv - pulmonale Metastasen
Key words
Giant cell tumor - surgical treatment - local recurrence - pulmonary metastases
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Dr. med. Per-Ulf Tunn
Klinik für Chirurgie und Chirurgische Onkologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin .
Robert-Rössle-Klinik im HELIOS Klinikum Berlin
Lindenberger Weg 80
13125 Berlin
Phone: + 49-30-94171400
Fax: + 49-30-94171404
Email: tunn@rrk.charite-buch.de