Indication and Performance of Kyphoplasty for Vertebral Fractures

Abstract

Kyphoplasty is a new therapeutic approach that was developed for minimally invasive augmentation of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. In contrast to vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty enables age-dependent fracture reduction by means of pressure-controlled inflation of a balloon that is inserted transpedicularly into the cancellous bone of the fractured vertebral body. The cavity that remains after the balloon has been removed is filled with augmentation material for retention. The low rate of serious complications, such as intraspinal material leakage associated with this procedure, justifies attempts to expand its indication to specific types of traumatic fractures and neoplastic vertebral collapse due to osteolytic metastases. Along with indications for conventional percutaneous access, the “semi-open” microsurgical approach also enables kyphoplasty to be applied to treat more complex vertebral body fractures that are accompanied by compression of neural structures. The surgical procedures used in kyphoplasty quickly reduce pain and enable patients to be quickly mobilised by means of stabilising the affected vertebral body immediately. Interdisciplinary treatment must nonetheless be continued after kyphoplasty, in order to optimise individual medical treatment and rehabilitation regarding the underlying disease.

Osteoporosis - minimally invasive surgery - vertebral fracture - kyphoplasty

References

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