Relationship between 25-(OH) D3, the IGF-I System, Leptin, Anthropometric and Body Composition Variables in a Healthy, Randomly Selected Population

J. M. Gómez; F. J. Maravall; N. Gómez; M. A. Navarro; R. Casamitjana; J. Soler

doi:10.1055/s-2004-814103

Hormone and Metabolic Research, Table of Contents

Horm Metab Res 2004; 36(1): 48-53
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-814103

Original Clinical

Relationship between 25-(OH) D₃, the IGF-I System, Leptin, Anthropometric and Body Composition Variables in a Healthy, Randomly Selected Population

J. M. Gómez¹ , F. J. Maravall¹ , N. Gómez¹ , M. A. Navarro² , R. Casamitjana³ , J. Soler¹

¹Endocrinology Service and Hormonal Laboratory
²Ciudad Sanitaria y Universitaria de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat
³Hormonal Laboratory, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain

Abstract

Objective: This study prompted us to investigate the relationship between 25-(OH) D₃ and the IGF-I system, leptin, sex, age, anthropometric and body composition variables in healthy adults. We hypothesised that these variables would regulate 25-(OH) D₃ concentrations. Design: We included 253 subjects - 126 men and 127 women. Body mass index (BMI) and body composition was determined, along with serum leptin, total IGF-I, free IGF-I, IGFBP3 and plasma 25-(OH) D₃ concentrations. Results: 25-(OH) D₃ deficiency was observed in 69 subjects. There was a difference between 25-(OH) D₃ values and season (summer vs. winter). We observed similar 25-(OH) D₃ concentrations in men to those in women. The differential characteristics in subjects without 25-(OH) D₃ deficiency were lower BMI, fat mass and body fat and higher free IGF-I. We observed that leptin increased in the last decades and IGF-I system decreased by decade in both men and women. In subjects without 25-(OH) D₃ deficiency, there was a correlation between free IGF-I and 25-(OH) D₃ in men, and a negative correlation between 25-(OH) D₃ and age, BMI, fat mass and leptin and a positive correlation with total IGF-I in women. The multivariate linear regression analysis explained 37.8 % of 25-(OH) D₃ variability in men and 39 % in women, and only season and free IGF-I made an independent contribution to 25-(OH) D₃ in men, and season and fat mass in women. Conclusion: These data suggest that free IGF-I in men and fat mass in women could regulate 25-(OH) D₃ concentrations.

Key words

25-(OH) D₃ anthropometry - Body composition - Free IGF-I - IGF-I - IGFBP3 - Leptin - Vitamin D

Full Text

References

1 Eisman J A. Genetics of osteoporosis. End Rev. 1999; 20 788-804
2 Nicolas V, Prewett A, Bettica P, Mohan S, Finkelman R D, Baylin K DJ, Farley J R. Age-related decrease in insulin-like growth factor-I and transforming growth factor-β in femoral cortical bone from both men and women: implications for boen loss with aging. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994; 78 1011-1016
3 Ohlsson C, Bengtsson B-A, Isakssson O GP, Andrassen T T, Slootweg M C. Growth hormone and bone. End Rev. 1998; 19 55-59
4 Muñoz-Torres M, Mezquita-Raya P, López-Rodríguez F, Torres-Vela E, Luna J D, Escobar-Jiménez F. The contibution of IGF-I to skeletal integrity in postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2001; 55 759-766
5 Manolagas S C, Jilka R L. Bone marrow, cytokines, and bone remodeling. N Engl J Med. 1995; 332 305-311
6 Kurland E S, Rosen C J, Cosman F, McMahon D, Chan F, Shane E, Lindsay R, Dempster D, Bilizekian J P. Insulin-like growth factor-I in men with idiopathic osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997; 82 2799-2805
7 Langlois J A, Rosen C J, Visser M, Hannan M T, Haris T, Wilson P WF, Kiel D P. Association between insulin-like growth factor I and bone mineral density in older women and men: the Framinghan heart study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998; 83 4257-4262
8 Marcus R, Butterfield G, Holloway L, Gilliland L, Baylink D J, Hintz R L, Sherman B M. Effects of short term administration of recombiant human growth hormone to elderly people. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990; 70 519-527
9 Boonen S, Nicholson P H, Lowet G, Cheng X G, Verbeke G, Lesaffre E, Aerssens J, Dequeker J. Determination of age-associated changes in os calcis ultrasonic indices in elderly women: potential involvement of geriatric hyposomatotropism in bone fragility. Age & Ageing. 1997; 26 139-146
10 Frytsk J, Vetbo E, Skjaebaek C, Mogensen C E, Orskov H. Free insulin-like growth factors in human obesity. Metabolism. 1995; 44 37-44
11 Zhang Y, Proenca R, Maffei M, Barone M, Leopold L, Friedman J M. Positional cloning of the mouse ob gene and its human homologue. Nature. 1994; 372 425-432
12 Considine R, Sinha M K, Heiman M, Heiman M L, Kriauciunas A, Stephens T W, Nyce M R, Ohannesian J P, Marco C C, Mckee L J, Bauer T L, Caro J F. Serum immunoreactive leptin concentrations in normal weight and obese humans. N Engl J Med. 1996; 334 292-295
13 Yamauchi M, Sugimoto T, Yamaguchi T, Nakaoka D, Kanzawa M, Yano S, Ozuru R, Sugishita T, Chihara K. Plasma leptin concentrations are associated with bone mineral density and the presence of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2001; 55 341-347
14 Klein K O, Larmore K A, de Lancey E, Brown J M, Considine R V, Hasink S G. Effect of obesity on estradiol level, and its relationship to leptin, bone maturation, and bone mineral density in children. J Clin Endocinol Metab. 1998; 83 3469-3475
15 Goulding A, Taylor R W. Plasma leptin values in relation to bone mass and density and to dynamic biochemical markers of bone resorption and formation in postmenopausal women. Calcif Tissue Inter. 1998; 63 456-458
16 Lukaski H C, Bolonchuk W W, Hall C B, Siders W A. Validation of tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance method to assess human body composition. J Appl Physiol. 1986; 69 1327-1332
17 Villareal D T, Citivelli R, Chines A, Avioli L V. Subclinical vitamin D deficiency in postmenopausal women with low vertebral bone mass. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1991; 72 628-634
18 Thomas M K, Lloyd-Jones D M, Thadhani R I, Shaw A C, Deraska D J, Kitch B T. Hypovitaminosis D in medical inpatients. N Engl J Med. 1998; 338 777-783
19 Parfitt A M, Bchir M B, Gallagher J C, Heaney R P, Johnston C C, Neer R. Vitamin D and bone heatlh in the elderly. Amer J Clin Nutr. 1982; 36 1014-1031
20 Dever G. Basic statistical measures for community health analysis. In: . Community Health Analysis. A holistic approach. Rockville, Maryland; Aspen Systems Corporation 1980
21 Rossner B. Fundamentals of Bioestatistics. 4th edition. New York; Duxbury Press 1995
22 Quesada J M, Coopmans W, Ruiz B, Aljama P, Jans I, Bouillon R. Influence of vitamin D on parathyroid function in the elderly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992; 75 494-501
23 Aguado P, Garcés M V, González Casajúes M L, del Campo M T, Richi P, Coya J, Torrijos A, Gijón J, Martín Mola E, Martínez M E. Alta prevalencia de deficiencia de vitamina D en mujeres posmenopaúsicas de una consulta reumatológica en Madrid. Evaluación de dos pautas de prescripción de vitamina D. Med Clin (Barc). 2000; 114 326-330
24 Barger-Lux M J, Heaney R P. Effects of above average summer sun exposure on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium absorption. J Clin Endocinol Metab. 2002; 87 4952-4956
25 Wei S, Tanaka H, Kubo T, Ono T, Kanzaki S, Seino Y. Growth hormone increases serum 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D levels and decreases 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels in children with growth hormone deficiency. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998; 136 45-51
26 Wei S, Tanaka H, Seino Y. Local action of exogenous growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I on dihydroxyvitamin D production in LLC-PK1 cells. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998; 139 454-460
27 Boonen S, Cheng X G, Nijs J, Nicholson P H, Verbeke G, Lesaffre E, Aerssens J, Dequeker J. Factors associated with cortical and trabecular bone loss as quantified by peripheral computed tomography (pQCT) at the ultradistal radius in ageing women. Calcif Tissue Inter. 1997; 60 164-170
28 Gómez J M, Maravall F J, Gómez N, Navarro M A, Casamitjana R, Soler J. Interactions between serum leptin, the insulin-like growth factor-I system, and sex, age, anthropometric and body composition variables in a a healthy population randomly selected. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2003; 58 213-219
29 Blain H, Vuillemin A, Guillemin F, Durant R, Hanesse B, de Talance N, Doucet B, Jeandel C. Serum leptin level is a predictor of bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 87 1030-1035
30 Ducy P, Amling M, Takeda S, Priemel M, Schilling A F, Beil F T, Shen J, Vinson C, Rueger J M, Karsenty G. Leptin inhibits bone formation through a hypothalamic relay: a central control of bone mass. Cell. 2000; 100 197-207
31 Odabasi E, Ozata M, Turan M, Bingol N, Yonem A, Cakir B, Kutlu M, Ozdemir I C. Plasma leptin concentrations in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Eur J Endocrinol. 2000; 142 170-173

J. M. Gómez

c/Sabino de Arana 40, 3º,2ª · Barcelona · 08028 Spain

Phone: + 34 (93) 330 65 22 ·

Fax: + 34 (93) 260 78 46

Email: jmgs@csub.scs.es