Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie: Monozyten übernehmen durch Erkennung, Ingestion und Vernichtung von Mikroorganismen
eine wichtige Funktion in der Immunabwehr. In dieser Untersuchung wurde durchflusszytometrisch
der Einfluss von Morphin und Fentanyl auf Phagozytoseaktivität, Produktion reaktiver
Sauerstoffmetabolite und Expression der Phagozytose-relevanten Komplementrezeptoren
CD11b und CD35 auf der Monozytenoberfläche in einem Vollblutassay untersucht. Methodik: Vollblut von gesunden Probanden (n = 13) wurde mit verschiedenen Morphin- und Fentanylkonzentrationen
inkubiert. Die Expression von Rezeptoren auf der Zelloberfläche wurde mittels Fluorochrom-markierter
Antikörper bestimmt, die Phagozytoseaktivität anhand der Ingestion fluoreszierender
Bakterien gemessen und der Oxidative Burst mittels Dihydrorhodamin-Umwandlung ermittelt.
Ergebnisse: Morphin inhibierte zeit- und konzentrationsabhängig alle gemessenen Parameter. Diese
Effekte konnten sowohl durch Naloxon als auch durch NO-Synthaseinhibitoren aufgehoben
werden. Fentanyl beeinflusste weder in klinisch relevanten noch in supraklinischen
Konzentrationen die Expression von Rezeptoren auf der Zelloberfläche, den Oxidativen
Burst oder die Phagozytoseaktivität. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse lassen vermuten, dass die Morphin-induzierte Hemmung der Monozytenfunktion
durch einen µ-Opiatrezeptor auf der Zelloberfläche vermittelt wird. Als second messenger
in diesem Prozess dient NO. Fentanyl hingegen beeinflusst die Monozytenaktivität nicht.
Abstract
Objective: Monocytes play a crucial role in the immune response by recognition, ingestion, and
intracellular killing of microorganisms. We investigated whether morphine and fentanyl
influence CD 11b and CD35 surface receptor expression, phagocytic activity and superoxide
anion generation of monocytes in a whole blood flow cytometric assay. Methods: Whole blood of 13 healthy volunteers was incubated with different morphine and fentanyl
concentrations. Expression of surface receptors CD 11b and CD35 was determined by
fluorochrome-labelled antibodies. Phagocytic activity was assessed by ingestion of
fluorescent bacteria. Conversion of dihydrorhodamin served for oxidative burst measurements.
Results: Morphine inhibited monocyte function in a concentration and time dependent manner.
Morphine-induced changes were abolished by preincubation with the NO synthase inhibitor
N-nitro-l-arginine as well as naloxone. Fentanyl failed to inhibit receptor expression,
phagocytosis and reactive oxygen production by monocytes in clinically relevant as
well as supraclinical concentrations. Conclusion: Our results suggest that these monocyte functions are inhibited by a morphine-stimulated
NO release mediated by a µ opiate receptor subtype expressed on the surface of monocytes.
In contrast, fentanyl did not share morphine’s inhibitory effects on monocyte activity.
Schlüsselwörter
Morphin - Fentanyl - Monozyten - Komplementrezeptorexpression - Phagozytose - Oxidativer
Burst - NO
Key words
Morphine - fentanyl - monocyte - complement receptor expression - phagocytosis - oxidative
burst - nitric oxide
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PD Dr. med. Ingeborg Welters
Abteilung für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie · Universitätsklinikum
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Email: Ingeborg.D.Welters@chiru.med.uni-giessen.de