Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Arbeit: Multizentrische Anwendungs- und Sicherheits-Studie (30 Tage Follow-up) eines neuen 7F-Atherektomiekatheters zur Behandlung peripherer kurzer und mittellanger Stenosen mit einem Gefäßdurchmesser von 2,5 - 7 mm (Phase-2-Studie). Material und Methoden: Wir behandelten 58 femoro-popliteale Stenosen bei 46 Patienten (67 % männlich, mittleres Alter 66 ± 9 Jahre) mit chronischer AVK der unteren Extremitäten [Rutherford Stadium 2: n = 13 (28 %); Stadium 3: n = 29 (63 %); Stadium 4: 2 (4 %); Stadium 5: n = 2 (4 %)] mit direktionaler Atherektomie. Zielgefäßcharakteristika: A. femoralis communis: n = 1 (2 %); A. femoralis superficialis: n = 47 (81 %); A. poplitea: n = 10 (17 %); intrastent: n = 3 (5 %). Dreißig (65 %) der Interventionen wurden antegrad, 16 (35 %) cross-over durchgeführt. Die mittlere Stenosegrad betrug 83 ± 11 %, die mittlere Stenoselänge war 37 ± 37 mm. Ergebnisse: Es erfolgten 6,5 ± 2 (4 - 10) Katheterpassagen. 3 Läsionen wurden nach Vordilatation atherektomiert, 55 (95 %) primär. Bei 31/58 Stenosen (53 %) erfolgte eine zusätzliche Ballondilatation, bei einer Intervention (2 %) eine zusätzliche Stentimplantation. Der mittlere Stenosegrad nach Atherektomie betrug 29 ± 20 % (0 - 60 %), nach zusätzlicher Ballondilatation 11 ± 10 % (0 - 30 %); eine Reststenose < 50 % verblieb nach alleiniger Atherektomie bei 55 (95 %) Stenosen, < 30 % bei 49 (84 %) Fällen. Komplikationen: 3 (6,5 %) periphere Embolien von atherektomierten Wandbestandteilen, jeweils durch Aspiration komplett entfernt. Der mittlere Knöchel-Arm-Index stieg von 0,65 ± 0,17 auf 0,92 ± 0,36 bei Entlassung und 0,86 ± 0,17 nach 30 Tagen. Rutherford Stadien nach 30 Tagen: Stadium 0: n = 38 (83 %); Stadium 1: n = 4 (8 %); Stadium 2: n = 3 (6 %); Stadium 5: n = 1 (2 %). Zusammenfassung: Kurze und mittellange Stenosen der femoro-poplitealen Arterien können mit dem Atherektomiekatheter primär erfolgreich behandelt werden. Die Leerung der Katheterspitze (Reservoir) nach höchstens 4 Stenosepassagen vermeidet periphere Embolisationen, die einzige aufgetretene Komplikation.
Abstract
Background: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a new 7F-atherectomy device (30-day endpoint) for the treatment of short and mid-length arterial lesions with a reference diameter of 2.5 - 7 mm. Material and Methods: Fifty-eight femoto-popliteal stenoses in 46 patients (67 % male, mean age 66 ± 9 years) with chronic peripheral occlusive disease of the lower limbs [Rutherford stage 2: n = 13 (28 %); stage 3: n = 29 (63 %), stage 4: 2 (4 %), stage 5: n = 2 (4 %)], were treated with directional atherectomy. Target lesion characteristics: Common femoral artery: n = 1 (2 %), superficial femoral artery: n = 47 (81 %); popliteal artery, n = 10 (17 %); instent n = 3 (5 %). Thirty (65 %) of the interventions were performed using an antegrade approach, 16 (35 %) interventions in cross-over technique. Mean degree of stenosis was 83 ± 11 mm, mean lengthof lesion was 37 ± 37 mm. Results: 6.5 ± 2 (4 - 10) passes of the lesion were performed with the catheter. Three lesions were treated after predilatation, 55 (95 %) interventions as primary atherectomy. In 31/58 lesions (53 %) additional balloon angioplasty was performed, in 1 lesion (2 %) additional stent placement was needed. The mean degree of stenosis after atherectomy was reduced to 29 ± 20 % (0 - 60 %) after additional balloon angioplasty, it was 11 ± 10 % (0 - 30 %). A residual stenosis of < 50 % after plain atherectomy was achieved in 55 (95 %) lesions, of < 30 % in 49 (84 %). Complications: 3 (6.5 %) cases of embolism of debris were detected and treated successfully by aspiration. The mean ankle-brachial index increased from 0.62 ± 0.12 to 0.92 ± 0.36 before discharge, and to 0.86 ± 0.17 after 30 days. Rutherford stage after 30 days: stage 0: n = 038 (83 %); Stage 1: n = 4 (8 %); Stage 2: n = 3 (6 %); Stage 5: n = 1 (2 %). Conclusion: Lesions up to 8 cm in length of the femoropopliteal arteries can be treated successfully in most cases with the new atherectomy catheter. Embolism, the only complication that occurred, can be avoided by cleaning the nosecone after at least 4 passes of the lesion.
Key words
Percutaneous directional atherectomy - peripheral occlusive disease - femoropopliteal artery stenosis
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Dr. Thomas Zeller
Abteilung Angiologie, Herz-Zentrum Bad Krozingen
Südring 15
79189 Bad Krozingen
Phone: ++49/7633/4020
Fax: ++49/7633/4028208
Email: thomas.zeller@herzzentrum.de