Zusammenfassung
Der anatomisch-funktionelle Aufbau der Lunge ermöglicht den Gasaustausch auch unter weitgehenden Extremsituationen, wie bei Aufenthalten in großer Höhe. Ein wichtiger Mechanismus ist die Verteilung von Ventilation und pulmonaler Perfusion. Unter Narkose kommt es zu einem klinisch relevanten Ventilations-Perfusions-Missverhältnis mit der Gefahr von Oxygenierungsstörungen, die durch ein entsprechendes Management vermindert werden können.
Abstract
The functional anatomy of the pulmonary gas exchanger enables an adequate oxygenation even in extreme situations, e. g. high altitude. An important mechanism is the distribution of ventilation and pulmonary perfusion. With induction of anaesthesia a relevant ventilation-perfusion mismatch results in oxygenation impairment, which can be prevented by specific anaesthetic techniques.
Schlüsselwörter
Gasaustausch - Narkose - Atmung - Lungenphysiologie - Ventilations-Perfusionsverhältnis
Key words
Gas exchange - anaesthesia, general - breathing - lung physiology - ventilation-perfusion distribution
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Dr. med. Dietrich Henzler
Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Aachen ·
Pauwelsstraße 30 ·
52074 Aachen
Email: dhenzler@ukaachen.de
