Zusammenfassung
Die bildgebende strukturelle und funktionelle Diagnostik liefert einen eigenen Beitrag zur klinischen Diagnostik und Differenzialdiagnostik der Demenzen. Die Analyse der strukturellen Veränderungen, Hirnatrophie bzw. Läsionen des Hirnparenchyms ist mit sensitiven (Magnetresonanz-)Untersuchungstechniken vergleichsweise einfach, die Ergebnisse besitzen bei isolierter Betrachtung aber nur eine geringe Spezifität. Zunehmend bekommen neben der Magnetresonanzspektroskopie funktionelle, aus der strukturellen Bildgebung abgeleitete Untersuchungsmethoden wie Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR) oder Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) bzw. die funktionelle MRT eine Bedeutung. Gesicherte Ergebnisse der strukturellen und funktionellen Bildgebung werden für diagnostisch und differenzialtherapeutisch bedeutsame Demenzerkrankungen dargestellt und orientierend mit den Ergebnissen der Nuklearmedizin verglichen.
Abstract
Structural and functional diagnostic imaging provides a distinctive contribution to the clinical and differential diagnosis in dementia. Sensitive magnetic resonance techniques make the analysis of structural changes, brain atrophy and lesions of the cerebral parenchyma relatively simple, but a particular finding only has a low specificity. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and innovative structural techniques, such as magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance tomography, become increasingly important. Results of structural and functional diagnostic imaging are documented in reference to their diagnostic and differential therapeutic contribution to relevant dementias and are cautiously compared with the results of nuclear medicine.
Key words
Dementias, - Diagnostics, - Imaging, - Radiology, - Nuclear Medicine
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Korrespondenzadresse
Prof. Dr. Frank Hentschel
Abteilung Neuroradiologie ZI Fakultät für klinische Medizin Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg
68159 Mannheim J5
Telefon: +49 621 1703-864
Fax: +49 621 1703-137
eMail: hentsche@zi-mannheim.de
