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DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-820859
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Sentinel Node Biopsy in Breast Cancer Specifies but Does Not (yet) Replace Axillary Lymphonodectomy
Sentinel-Lymphknotenbiopsie beim Mammakarzinom kann die Lymphknotendissektion ergänzen, aber (noch) nicht ersetzenPublication History
Eingang Manuskript: July 1, 2003
Eingang revidiertes Manuskript: March 18, 2004
Akzeptiert: March 22, 2004
Publication Date:
05 May 2004 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Sentinel-Lymphknotenbiopsie (SNB) ist eine operative Technik, um bei Mammakarzinomen den Lymphknotenstatus zu bestimmen, ohne eine komplette Lymphknotendissektion der Axilla (ALNE) durchführen zu müssen. Wir berichten hier von unseren eigenen Erfahrungen und diskutieren die Verlässlichkeit der Methode mit Bezug auf die aktuelle Literatur.
Methoden: Bei 127 Patientinnen mit Mammakarzinom wurde eine axilläre Lymphonodektomie durchgeführt, ergänzt durch SNB. Die Darstellung des Sentinel-Lymphknoten (SN) erfolgte entweder durch Injektion von Patentblau, von Technetium 99-markiertem Nanokoll (Tc) oder durch eine Kombination beider Methoden. Der SN wurde durch Hämatoxylin & Eosin-Färbung sowie durch immunhistochemische Färbung mit Panzytokeratin auf Metastasen untersucht.
Ergebnisse: In 121 Fällen (92,4 %) konnte mindestens ein SN identifiziert werden. Die beste Methode der SN-Darstellung war die Kombination von Patentblau- und Tc-Injektion. In 103 Fällen konnte der SN in typischer Lokalisation gefunden werden, in 18 Fällen wäre der SN aufgrund einer atypischen Lokalisation durch konventionelle ALNE nicht mitentfernt worden. Falsch negative SN wurden in 11 Fällen (8,4 %) gefunden.
Schlussfolgerung: SNB steigert die Sensitivität der Detektion von Lymphknotenmetastasen bei Mammakarzinomen. Des Weiteren senkt es die Morbidität des operativen Eingriffes durch Entfernung einer geringeren Zahl von Lymphknoten und durch geringere Destruktion von Lymphgefäßen. Jedoch wird die Entfernung von 10 oder mehr axillären Lymphknoten nach wie vor empfohlen, um Patientinnen mit Lymphknotenbefall in Adjuvanzstudien einschließen zu können. SNB verbessert, aber ersetzt noch nicht die axilläre Lymphonodektomie.
Abstract
Purpose: Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) in breast cancer is a procedure to determine the nodal status without complete axillary lymph node dissection. In the following we report our own experience and discuss the reliability of the method with reference to the actual literature.
Methods: In 127 patients with malignant breast tumors axillary lymphonodectomy was supplemented by sentinel node biopsy. Mapping of the sentinel node SN was performed either by patent blue, by Technetium 99-marked Nanokoll (Tc) or a combination of both methods. The SN was investigated for the presence of tumor metastases by hematoxylin & eosin staining and pan-cytokeratin immunohistochemical stainings.
Results: In 121 cases (92.4 %) at least one SN could be identified. The best technique for SN mapping was a combination of the patent blue and the Tc method. In 103 cases the SN was found in a typical location, in 18 cases the SN would not have been removed in normal ALNE due to atypical location. False-negative SNs were found in 11 cases (8.4 %).
Conclusions: SNB increases the sensitivity of detection of lymph node metastases in breast cancer. In addition, it decreases the morbidity of the surgical treatment in breast cancer patients because of the lower number of dissected lymph nodes and destructed lymph vessels. However, removal of 10 or more axillary lymph nodes is still recommended in order to be able to include patients with positive nodal status in adjuvant trials. SNB improves but does not completely replace ALNE yet.
Schlüsselwörter
Mammakarzinom - Wächterlymphknotentechnik - postoperative Morbidität - axilläre Lymphonodektomie
Key words
Breast cancer - sentinel node biopsy - postoperative morbidity - axillary lymph node dissection
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Dr. med. Dagmar Diesing
Universitätsfrauenklinik Lübeck
Ratzeburger Allee 160
23 538 Lübeck
Email: diesingd@yahoo.de