Zusammenfassung
Autoimmun-Erkrankungen wie Zöliakie und Autoimmun-Thyreoiditis treten überproportional
häufig bei Patienten mit Typ 1-Diabetes auf. Da diese Erkrankungen oft ohne eindeutige
klinische Symptomatik verlaufen, kann ihre Früherkennung nur durch die serologische
Bestimmung der spezifischen Autoantikörper erfolgen. In der Literatur wird die
Prävalenz einer durch Screening-Verfahren entdeckten Zöliakie oder Autoimmun-Thyreoiditis
bei jungen Patienten mit Typ 1-Diabetes im Mittel 10-mal höher angegeben als
für die Normalbevölkerung. Bislang gibt es jedoch keine Einigkeit über ein einheitliches
Vorgehen zum Screening und für die Indikation einer Behandlung bei klinisch nicht
auffälligen Patienten mit serologisch nachweisbarer Autoimmunität. Zu spät erkannte
Begleiterkrankungen können aber zu klinisch relevanten Stoffwechselproblemen und
weiteren vermeidbaren Komplikationen führen.
Summary
Coeliac disease (CD) and autoimmune thyreoiditis (AIT) are associated with type-1
diabetes. These diseases frequently occur without apparent clinical symptoms.
Therefore, a serological screening by autoantibody testing is required for early
detection. Identified by screening, the prevalence of CD and AIT is reported to
be up to 10-fold higher in young patients with type-1 diabetes than in healthy
children. Up to now, no uniform recommendations exist regarding a standardized
screening procedure as well as the treatment of patients with clinically asymptomatic
disorder and evidence of autoimmunity. A delay in the detection of associated
diseases, however, may lead to clinical relevant, but otherwise preventable complications.
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Olga Kordonouri
Klinik für Allgemeine Pädiatrie, Otto-Heubner-Centrum für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin,
Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, CVK
Augustenburger Platz 1
13353 Berlin
Phone: +49/30/450566181
Fax: +49/30/450566916
Email: olga.kordonouri@charite.de
