Zusammenfassung
Wir beschreiben einen Fall einer durch Bacillus Calmette-Guerin ausgelösten Tuberkulose als Infektionskomplikation bei einer BCG-Instillationstherapie, die zur Prophylaxe eines Blasenkrebsrezidivs durchgeführt wurde. Die Bakterien gelangten durch eine urethrale Verletzung bei einer schwierigen Katheterisierung in die Blutbahn. Der 60 Jahre alte Patient wurde mit septischen Temperaturen vier Tage nach seiner letzten BCG-Instillation ins Krankenhaus eingewiesen.
Im CT zeigte sich das Bild einer Miliartuberkulose. Die Diagnose wurde durch eine Bronchoskopie bestätigt: Die transbronchiale Biopsie zeigte eine granulomatöse Infiltration und im Bronchialschleim fand sich ein säurefestes Stäbchen.
Die Symptome gingen unter einer konsequenten antituberkulotischen Dreifach-Therapie zurück. Der Patient verließ das Krankenhaus in einem guten Allgemeinzustand.
Abstract
We describe a case of miliary tuberculosis induced by Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) as a complication of an infection after BCG-instillation therapy into the bladder because of bladder carcinoma. Bacilli surely entered blood circulation via an urethral lesion because of a difficult catheterisation. The 60 year old patient was administered to the hospital with septic temperature 4 four days after BCG instillation.
CT showed a miliary patten and the diagnosis was confirmed by bronchoscopy: transbronchial biopsy showed granulomatous infiltration and an acid-fast rod-bacterium was detected in bronchial slime.
Symptoms vanished after a consequent antituberculous triple therapy regime and the patient left hospital in a good general state of health.
Literatur
1
Audigier C, Nesme P, Perol M. et al .
Rare pulmonary complication in intravesical BCG treatment.
Rev Mal Respir.
2000;
17 (3)
679-681
2
Baba Y, Ishizu K, Jojima K. et al .
Multiorgan failure following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin administration: a case report.
Hinyokika Kiyo.
1992;
38 (9)
1063-1065
3
Böhle A, Durek C.
Der Einsatz von BCG beim oberflächlichen Harnblasenkarzinom.
Urologe.
2001;
40
403-411
4
Bowyer L, Hall R R, Reading J. et al .
The persistence of bacille Calmette-Guerin in the bladder after intravesical treatment for bladder cancer.
Br J Urol.
1995;
75 (2)
188-192
5
Dederke B, Riecken E O, Weinke T.
A case of BCG sepsis with bone marrow and liver involvement after intravesical BCG installation.
Infection.
1998;
26 (1)
54-57
6
Fishman J R, Walton D T, Flynn N M. et al .
Tuberculous spondylitis as a complication of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy.
J Urol.
1993;
149 (3)
584-587
7
Gonzalez O Y, Musher D M, Brar I. et al .
Spectrum of bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infection after intravesical BCG immuntherapy.
Clin Infect Dis.
2003;
36 (2)
140-148
8
Guerra C E, Betts R F, O'Keefe R J. et al .
Mycobacterium bovis osteomyelitis involving a hip arthroplasty after intravesicular bacille Calmette-Guerin for bladder cancer.
Clin Infect Dis.
1998;
27 (3)
639-640
9
Habscheid W, Feise F, Dahm H H.
Miliary pneumonia after the intravesical BCG therapy of a superficial urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr.
1999;
124 (34 - 35)
993-997
10
Han D P, Simons K B, Tarkanian C N. et al .
Endophthalmitis from Mycobacterium bovis-bacille Calmette-Guerin after intravesicular bacille Calmette-Guerin injection for bladder carcinoma.
Am J Ophthalmol.
1999;
128 (5)
648-650
11
Izes J K, Bihrle W 3rd
, Thomas C B.
Corticosteroid-associated fatal mycobacterial sepsis occurring 3 years after instillation of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin.
J Urol.
1993;
150 (5 Pt 1)
1498-1500
12
Jasmer R M, McCowin M J, Webb W R.
Miliary lung disease after intravescal bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy.
Radiology.
1996;
201 (1)
43-44
13
Kesten S, Title L, Mullen B. et al .
Pulmonary disease following intravesical BCG treatment.
Thorax.
1990;
45 (9)
709-710
14
Kirsten D, Rieger U, Schroder K H. et al .
Pulmonary tuberculosis due to bacille Calmette-Guerin.
Clin Investig.
1993;
71 (10)
781-790
15
Kristjansson M, Green P, Manning H L. et al .
Molecular confirmation of bacillus Calmette-Guerin as the cause of pulmonary infection following urinary tract instillation.
Clin Infect Dis.
1993;
17 (2)
228-230
16
LeMense G P, Strange P.
Granulomatous pneumonitis following intravesical BCG. What therapy is needed?.
Chest.
1994;
106 (5)
1624-1626
17
Marco-Bonnet J, Beylot-Barry M, Texier-Maugein J. et al .
Mycobacterial bovis BCG cutaneous infections following mesotherapy: 2 cases.
Ann Dermatol Venereol.
2002;
129 (5 Pt 1)
728-731
18
McParland C, Cotton D J, Gowda K S. et al .
Miliary Mycobacterium bovis induced by intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy.
Am Rev Respir Dis.
1992;
146 (5 PT 1)
1330-1333
19
Menke J J, Heins J R.
Epididymo-orchitis following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy.
Ann Pharmacother.
2000;
34 (4)
479-482
20
Mignon F, Chevriere A, Mesurolle B. et al .
Miliary induced by intravesical BCG immunotherapy for carcinoma of the bladder: CT Findings.
J Radiol.
2002;
83 (3)
368-371
21
Molina J M, Rabian C, D'Agay M F. et al .
Hypersensitive systemic reaction following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin: successful treatment with steroid.
J Urol.
1992;
147 (3)
695-697
22
Okadome A, Takeuchi F, Ishii T. et al .
Tuberculous epididymitis following intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy.
Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi.
2002;
93 (4)
582-584
23
Rüsch-Gerdes S.
Diagnostik der Tuberkulose.
Urologe.
1997;
37
554-556
24
Satge D, Pommepuy I, Hassan T. et al .
Ulcerative terminal ileitis after BCG therapy for bladder carcinoma.
Histopathology.
2002;
41 (3)
266-268
25
Sugita Y, Choku H, Gotoh A. et al .
Tuberculous spondylitis after intravesical BCG instillation - case report.
Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi.
1995;
86 (9)
1493-1496
26
Sylvester R J, Meijden A PM van der, Lamm D L.
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin reduces the risk of progression in patients with superficial bladder cancer. A meta-analysis of the published results of randomized clinical trials.
The Journal of Urology.
2002;
168
1964-1970
27
Wolf Y G, Wolf D G, Higginbottom P A. et al .
Infection of a ruptured aortic aneurysm and an aortic graft with bacille Calmette-Guerin after intravescal administration for bladder cancer.
J Vasc Surg.
1995;
22 (1)
80-84
28
Woods J M 4th
, Schellack J, Stewart M T. et al .
Mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm induced by immunotherapy with bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine for malignancy.
J Vasc Surg.
1988;
7 (6)
808-810
PD Dr. Joachim Bargon
Medizinische Klinik, St. Elisabethen Krankenhaus
Ginnheimer Straße 3
60487 Frankfurt/Main
Email: bargon@em.uni-frankfurt.de