Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Die Sextantenbiopsie der Prostata gilt als Goldstandard in der invasiven Diagnostik des Prostatakarzinoms. Zahlreiche Arbeiten zeigen jedoch höhere Detektionsraten bei einer Steigerung der Biopsieanzahl. Chen u. Mitarb. ermittelten mithilfe eines Computermodells zehn „ideale” Biopsielokalisationen. Die vorliegende Studie überprüft klinisch den Nutzen dieser Variation der Biopsien in Zahl und Lokalisation. Material und Methodik: In der Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin wird eine ultraschallgesteuerte Zehnfachbiopsie der Prostata durchgeführt. Entsprechend dem Modell von Chen werden dabei in der mittleren Ebene der Prostata pro Seite drei Biopsien statt einer genommen. Die zwei zusätzlichen Proben liegen paraurethral und ventral. Ergebnisse: Zwischen Juli 2003 und Februar 2004 wurden 191 Patienten mit geplanter Zehnfachbiopsie der Prostata in die Studie eingeschlossen. In 176 Fällen ergaben sich auswertbare Ergebnisse. Bei 61/176 (34,7 %) der Patienten wurde ein Karzinom festgestellt. Bei 17/61 Patienten wurde das Karzinom nur in den Standardsextantenlokalisationen (27,8 %), bei 35/61 (57,3 %) zusätzlich paraurethral oder ventral festgestellt. Bei 1/61 (1,6 %) manifestierte sich das Karzinom nur paraurethral, bei 5/62 (8,2 %) nur ventral. Insgesamt wurde das Prostatakarzinom bei 6 Patienten (9,8 %) nur durch die zusätzlichen Biopsien festgestellt. In 5/6 (83,3 %), lag eine klinisch relevante Erkrankung vor (Gleason ≥ 6). Am häufigsten wurde in folgenden Biopsien ein Karzinom festgestellt: Basis rechts, 17,1 %; Mitte lateral rechts, 17,5 % und Apex rechts, 16,5 %; am seltensten paraurethral rechts, 12 % und ventral rechts, 10,2 %. Statistisch signifikante Unterschiede zeigten sich nur zwischen diesen Gruppen. Fazit: Die Modifikation und Steigerung der Biopsien von sechs auf zehn nach dem von Chen u. Mitarb. vorgeschlagenen Modell war bei unseren Patienten geeignet, 9,8 % zusätzliche Karzinome aufzudecken.
Summary
Introduction: Prostate sextant biopsy is considered the gold standard of invasive prostate cancer diagnostics. However, numerous studies have shown that greater detection rates are achieved by increasing the number of biopsies. Chen et al. found ten „ideal” biopsy sites using a computer model. This study examines the clinical value of this variation of number and localisation of biopsies. Material and Method: Ultrasound-guided ten-core prostate biopsies are performed in our department. Following the model of Chen, three prostate biopsies instead of on are taken from the middle plane. The two additional specimens are obtained in the paraurethral and ventral regions. Results: Between July 2003 and February 2004, 191 patients scheduled for a 10-core prostate biopsy were included in the study. Assessable results were obtained in 176 cases. A carcinoma was detected in 61/176 (34.7 %) of the patients. The carcinoma was found only in the standard sextant localisations (27.8 %) in 17/61 patients and additionally in the paraurethral or ventral region in 35/61 (57.3 %). The carcinoma was located only paraurethrally in 1/62 (1.6 %) and only ventrally in 6/62 (9.7 %). Altogether, the prostate carcinoma was detected only by the additional biopsies in 6 patients (9.8 %). A clinically relevant disease was seen in 5/6 (83.3 %). A carcinoma was detected most frequently in the following biopsies: base right (17.1 %), central lat. right (17.5 %) and apex right (16.5 %) and most rarely paraurethral right (12 %) and ventral right (10.2 %). Statistically significant differences were found only between these groups. Conclusion: The modification and increase of biopsies from six to ten according to the model suggested by Chen et al. detected 9.8 % more carcinomas in our patients.
Schlüsselwörter
Prostatakarzinom - Sextantenbiopsie - Zehnfachbiopsie - Detektionsrate
Key words
Prostate carcinoma - sextant biopsy - ten-core biopsy - detection rate
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Dr. med. M. Schostak ·Leitender Oberarzt der Urologischen Klinik
Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin ·Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Hindenburgdamm 30
D-12200 Berlin
Phone: +49 30 8445-2577 ·
Fax: +49 30 8445-4620
Email: martin.schostak@charite.de