Zusammenfassung
Wir berichten über den Therapieeinsatz von niedermolekularem Heparin bei zwei sehr kleinen Frühgeborenen (30 + 3 SSW, 27 + 6 SSW) mit venöser Thrombose im Bereich der Vena cava inferior, die angeborene und erworbene Risikofaktoren aufwiesen. Beide Kinder wurden nach Diagnosestellung zunächst mit unfraktioniertem Heparin behandelt. Bei unveränderter Größe bzw. Größenzunahme des Thrombus wurde diese Therapie auf subcutan zu applizierendes niedermolekulares Heparin (Enoxaparin) umgestellt. Bei beiden Kindern kam es unter dieser Behandlung, die mit mehrfachen Dosismodifikationen unter Anti-Xa-Kontrollen einherging, zu einer partiellen bzw. kompletten Rekanalisierung der okkludierten Venen. Neue Thrombosen traten nicht auf. Eine akzidentelle 100-fache Überdosierung des Enoxaparins blieb unter engmaschiger Überwachung folgenlos. Bei unseren beiden sehr unreifen Frühgeborenen erwies sich der Einsatz von niedermolekularem Heparin (Enoxaparin) zur Therapie venöser Thrombosen als praktikabel, sicher und wirkungsvoll.
Abstract
We describe the use of low molecular weight heparin to treat venous thrombosis in two very low-birth-weight pre-term infants (GA: 30 and 27 weeks) both with genetic and acquired prothrombotic risk factors. Initially both infants were treated with unfractionated heparin. Since in one infant no effect on the thrombus size was observed and in the other infant there was an increase in size, the anticoagulation therapy was switched to subcutaneously injected low molecular heparin (Enoxaparin). During enoxaparin therapy the anti-Xa-level was carefully monitored and dosages were adjusted accordingly. Partial resolution of the thrombosis was achieved in both infants during enoxaparin therapy. No clot extension or recurrence of thrombosis occurred. An accidental overdose of Enoxaparin (100 times the required dosage) was administered to one infant without any consequences. Our data suggest that the use of low molecular weight heparin (Enoxaparin) for treatment of venous thrombosis in our two preterm infants was practical, safe and effective.
Schlüsselwörter
Frühgeborene - niedermolekulares Heparin - venöse Thrombosen - antikoagulatorische Therapie
Key words
pre-term neonates - low molecular weight heparin - venous thrombosis - antithrombotic therapy
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Prof. Dr. med. H. Stopfkuchen
Neonatologische Intensivstation der Kinderklinik der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
Langenbeckstr. 1
55101 Mainz
Phone: 0 61 31/17 73 29
Fax: 0 61 31/17 66 93
Email: hsto@kinder.klinik.uni-mainz.de