Critical Velocity and Lactate Threshold in Young Swimmers

A. G. Toubekis; A. P. Tsami; S. P. Tokmakidis

doi:10.1055/s-2005-837487

International Journal of Sports Medicine, Table of Contents

Int J Sports Med 2006; 27(2): 117-123
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-837487

Training & Testing

Critical Velocity and Lactate Threshold in Young Swimmers

A. G. Toubekis¹ , A. P. Tsami¹ , S. P. Tokmakidis¹

¹Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Thrace, Greece

Abstract

Abtract

The purpose of the present study was to compare the critical swimming velocity (CV) in children, with the lactate threshold (LT) and the velocity corresponding to a blood lactate concentration of 4 mmol · l^-1 (V₄). Twenty swimmers (ten females and ten males, mean ± SD age: 12.9 ± 1.1 years, body weight: 51.2 ± 10.0 kg, height: 157.1 ± 9.7 cm) performed four repetitions of 200 m swimming with increasing intensity (80, 85, 90 and 100 % of their 200 m maximum velocity), interspersed with 15 minutes of passive rest. Blood lactate concentration was determined after each repetition. From the speed-lactate curve, the velocity corresponding to LT and V₄ was calculated. In order to calculate CV, all swimmers were timed exerting maximum effort, on distances of 50, 100, 200 and 400 m. CV was expressed as the slope of the linear relationship of time versus distance and was calculated from combinations of four (CV₄) three or two timed distances. Velocity on LT (1.079 ± 0.114 m · s^-1) and V₄ (1.106 ± 0.112 m · s^-1) was comparable to CV₄ (1.085 ± 0.121 m · s^-1). CV calculated from a combination including distances of 50, 100 or 200 m were higher compared to LT (p < 0.05). V₄ was higher compared to CV of 100 - 200 - 400, CV of 200 - 400, CV of 100 - 400 (p < 0.05). The CV calculated from distances of 50 and 100 m was significantly higher than all other velocities (p < 0.05). These results confirm that the critical velocity seems to be a valid, practical and time-saving, non-invasive alternative method which can be applied in the swimming pool by a coach for the evaluation of the endurance capacity of young swimmers. For practical reasons, combinations of less than four distances can be used (i.e. 50 - 400 m, or 50 - 100 - 400 m).

Key words

Children - endurance swimming - speed-lactate curve

Full Text

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Savas P. Tokmakidis

Department of Physical Education and Sports Science
Democritus University of Thrace

7th Km Komotini-Xanthi

Komotini 69100

Greece

Phone: + 253139649

Fax: + 253 13 96 83

Email: stokmaki@phyed.duth.gr