Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Die moderne Therapie des Rektumkarzinoms ist mit dem Problem funktioneller Störungen behaftet. Operationsbedingte Störungen sind von Folgen der adjuvanten Therapie zu differenzieren. Dazu werden Funktionseinschränkungen nach adjuvanter Radio-Chemotherapie im eigenen Patientengut untersucht. Patienten und Methode: In einer Matched-Pair-Analyse nach Alter, Geschlecht und Operationszeitpunkt werden 32 Patienten (16 männlich und 16 weiblich) nach tiefer anteriorer Rektumresektion ± postoperativer Radio-Chemotherapie im Zeitraum von 1997 bis 2002 anhand der standardisierten und validierten Testinstrumentarien short-Form-36-Health-Survey, EORTC QLQ-C30, QLQ-CR38 und ASCRS Fecal Incontinence Questionnaire) untersucht. Das Durchschnittsalter beträgt 61,8 (62,1) Jahre bei einer mittleren Nachbeobachtungszeit von 4 (3,8) Jahren. Ergebnisse: Zwei von insgesamt 40 untersuchten Parametern unterscheiden sich signifikant. Die Auswertungen der Testinstrumentarien Short-Form-36-Health-Survey und EORTC QLQ-C30 zeigen keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen beiden Gruppen. Die Unterschiede im QLQ-CR38 bezüglich des sexuellen Genusses sind signifikant, während die Differenzen bezüglich Zukunftsperspektive, sexueller Funktion, Miktionsproblemen, gastrointestinaler Störungen und Gewichtsverlust, männlicher, weiblicher Sexualprobleme und Defäkationsproblemen nicht signifikant sind. Die Skalen Lebensstil, Anpassung und Selbstwahrnehmung des ASCRS fecal incontinence questionnaire unterscheiden sich nicht signifikant nach adjuvanter Radio-Chemotherapie oder alleiniger Operation. Der Unterschied bezüglich des Parameters Verlegenheit ist statistisch signifikant. Diskussion: Während sich die Lebensqualität nach adjuvanter Radio-Chemotherapie oder alleiniger tiefer anteriorer Rektumresektion nicht signifikant unterscheidet, zeigen die eigenen Daten Tendenzen, die darauf hinweisen, dass die sexuelle Funktion und die Kontinenzfunktion nach adjuvanter Radio-Chemotherapie stärker beeinträchtigt ist als nach alleiniger tiefer anteriorer Rektumresektion.
Abstract
Introduction: Modern therapy for rectal cancer is associated with functional disorders. Dysfunction as a consequence of surgery has to be distinguished from disorders caused by postoperative therapy. Therefore we have compared the long-term functional results of patients who received postoperative radio-chemotherapy or no therapy in conjunction with low anterior resection of the rectum. Patients and Method: From 1997 to 2002, a total of 32 patients (16 males and 16 females) after low anterior rectal resection and postoperative radio-chemotherapy or surgical therapy alone was compared using standardized and validated instruments (Short-Form-36-Health-Survey, EORTC QLQ-C30, QLQ-CR 38 and ASCRS fecal incontinence questionnaire) in a matched-pair analysis (age, gender and time of surgery). Mean age was 61.8 (62.1) years and mean follow-up was 4 (3.8) years. Results: Two out of the 40 examined parameters differed significantly. There were no significant differences in Short-Form-36-Health-Survey and EORTC QLQ-C30 scales between both groups. The QLQ-CR38 scale sexual enjoyment differed significantly, whereas future perspectives, sexual functioning, micturition problems, symptoms in the area of the gastrointestinal tract, weight loss, defecation problems, male and female sexual problems did not differ significantly. The scales Lifestyle, Coping/Behavior and Depression/Self-Perception of the ASCRS fecal incontinence questionnaire also did not differ significantly. The difference for embarrassment was significant. Discussion: No differences in quality of life after postoperative radio-chemotherapy or no postoperative therapy in conjunction with low anterior rectal resection can be found. There are, however, tendencies that postoperative radio-chemotherapy has more adverse effects on continence and sexual function than low anterior rectal resection alone.
Schlüsselwörter
Rektumkarzinom - totale mesorektale Exzision - Sexualfunktion - Blasenfunktion - Radiotherapie
Key words
Rectal cancer - total mesorectal excision - sexual function - urinary function - radiotherapy
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Dr. med. F. Fischer
Klinik für Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig Holstein, Campus Lübeck
Ratzeburger Allee 160
23538 Lübeck
Phone: 04 51/5 00 20 01
Fax: 04 51/5 00 20 69
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