Abstract
A silicon-based DNA microarray was designed and fabricated for the identification of toxic traditional Chinese medicinal plants. Species-specific oligonucleotide probes were derived from the 5S ribosomal RNA gene of Aconitum carmichaeli, A. kusnezoffi, Alocasia macrorrhiza, Croton tiglium, Datura inoxia, D. metel, D. tatula, Dysosma pleiantha, Dy. versipellis, Euphorbia kansui, Hyoscyamus niger, Pinellia cordata, P. pedatisecta, P. ternata, Rhododendron molle, Strychnos nux-vomica, Typhonium divaricatum and T. giganteum and the leucine transfer RNA gene of Aconitum pendulum and Stellera chamaejasme. The probes were immobilized via dithiol linkage on a silicon chip. Genomic target sequences were amplified and fluorescently labeled by asymmetric polymerase chain reaction. Multiple toxic plant species were identified by parallel genotyping. Chip-based authentication of medicinal plants may be useful as inexpensive and rapid tool for quality control and safety monitoring of herbal pharmaceuticals and neutraceuticals.
References
-
1 Yin H, Shuai X. Fundamentals of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Foreign Language Press Beijing; 1995
-
2 Guo X H, La W Y, Zhang S F, Wu A H, Wang Z W. A dictionary of poisonous Chinese herbal medicines. Vol 1 Tianjin ke ji fan yi chu ban she: Tianjin; 1992
-
3 Pharmacopoeia Commission of the Ministry of Public H ealth. Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (English Edition). Vol 1 Chemical Industry Press Beijing; 1997
-
4 The Hong Kong Special Administrative R egion. (1999) Ordinance No. 47. Hong Kong; 1999
-
5
Ko R J.
A U.S. perspective on the adverse reactions from traditional Chinese medicines.
J Chin Med Assoc.
2004;
67
109-16
-
6
But P P.
Herbal poisoning caused by adulterants or erroneous substitutes.
J Trop Med Hyg.
1994;
97
371-4
-
7
Chan T Y, Critchley J A.
Usage and adverse effects of Chinese herbal medicines.
Hum Exp Toxicol.
1996;
15
5-12
-
8
Calixto J B.
Efficacy, safety, quality control, marketing and regulatory guidelines for herbal medicines (phytotherapeutic agents).
Braz J Med Biol Res.
2000;
33
179-89
-
9
Boullata J I, Nace A M.
Safety issues with herbal medicine.
Pharmacotherapy.
2000;
20
257-69
-
10 Shaw P, Wang I, Butt P. Authentication of Chinese Medicinal Materials by DNA Technology. World Scientific Publishing Co Singapore; 2002
-
11
Hon C C, Chow Y C, Zeng F Y, Leung F C.
Genetic authentication of ginseng and other traditional Chinese medicine.
Acta Pharmacol Sin.
2003;
24
841-6
-
12
Cai Z H, Li P, Dong T TX, Tsim K WK.
Molecular diversity of 5S-rRNA spacer domain in Fritillaria species revealed by PCR analysis.
Planta Med.
1999;
65
360-4
-
13
Cui X M, Lo C K, Yip K L, Dong T T, Tsim K W.
Authentication of Panax notoginseng by 5S-rRNA spacer domain and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis.
Planta Med.
2003;
69
584-6
-
14
Ma X Q, Duan J A, Zhu D Y, Dong T T, Tsim K W.
Species identification of Radix Astragali (Huangqi) by DNA sequence of its 5S-rRNA spacer domain.
Phytochemistry.
2000;
54
363-8
-
15
Ma X Q, Zhu D Y, Li S P, Dong T T, Tsim K W.
Authentic identification of stigma Croci (stigma of Crocus sativus) from its adulterants by molecular genetic analysis.
Planta Med.
2001;
67
183-6
-
16
Wang Y, Zhou K, Xu L, Dong T T.
Tsim KW. Authentication of an animal crude drug, Zaocys, by diagnostic PCR.
Biol Pharm Bull.
2000;
23
585-8
-
17
Zhao K J, Dong T T, Tu P F, Song Z H, Lo C K, Tsim K W.
Molecular genetic and chemical assessment of radix Angelica (Danggui) in China.
J Agric Food Chem.
2003;
51
2576-83
-
18
Carles M, Lee T, Moganti S, Lenigk R, Tsim K WK, Ip N Y. et al .
Chips and Qi: microcomponent-based analysis in traditional Chinese medicine.
Fresenius J Anal Chem.
2001;
371
190-4
-
19
Trau D, Lee T MH, Lao A IK, Lenigk R, Hsing I M, Ip N Y. et al .
Genotyping on a complementary metal oxide semiconductor silicon polymerase chain reaction chip with integrated DNA microarray.
Anal Chem.
2002;
74
3168-73
-
20
Lenigk R, Carles M, Ip N Y, Sucher N J.
Surface characterization of a silicon-chip based DNA microarray.
Langmuir.
2001;
17
2497-500
Dr. Nikolaus J. Sucher
Department of Neurology/Division of Neuroscience
Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School
Enders 353
300 Longwood Avenue
Boston
MA 02115
U.S.A
Phone: +1-617-355-3515
Fax: +1-617-730-0243
Email: nikolaus.sucher@childrens.harvard.edu
