Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-865276
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Implantatdesignabhängiger peri-implantärer Knochenverlust?
Peri-implant Bone Formation around Cylindrical and Conical Implant SystemsPublication History
Publication Date:
23 March 2005 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/zwr/200503/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-2005-865276-1.jpg)
Zusammenfassung
Mechanische Einflüsse sind bekannte Größen für das Knochenremodelling an der Knochen-Implantat-Grenzfläche. Es bestehen Kontroversen, ob das Implantatdesign einen Einfluss auf die Ausprägung des peri-implantären Knochenlagers besitzt. Ziel der Studie war es daher, die peri-implantäre Knochenformation eines zylindrischen (ITI) und konischen (ILI) Implantats unabhängig von mechanischen Einflussfaktoren in vivo zu untersuchen. Es wurden dazu 60 Implantate (30 ITI- und 30 ILI-Implantate) in die kranialen und kaudalen Tibiadiaphysen von 8 Göttinger Minischweinen inseriert. Die Tiere wurden nach 7 und 28 Tagen (jeweils 4 Tiere) getötet und die implantatbesetzten Knochenproben für die verschiedenen Untersuchungen explantiert.
Die histologischen Untersuchungen zeigten eine direkte Anlagerung von mineralisierter Extrazellularmatrix im kortikalen und spongiösen Knochenanteil in der Frühphase nach der Implantateinbringung. Bei den zylindrischen Implantaten zeigte sich im Gegensatz zu den konischen Implantaten sowohl nach 7 und 28 Tagen ein schmaler Spalt an nicht ossifizierendem Gewebe.
Unsere Untersuchung zeigt eine implantatdesignabhängige Ausformung des krestalen peri-implantären Knochens.
Summary
It is generally accepted that peri-implant tissue formation and mineralization depend on the local mechanical environment in the interface zone. Controversies exist concerning the impact of implant design on peri-implant bone formation.
The aim of the present study was the in-vivo evaluation of peri-implant bone formation by 2 different implant systems (cylindrical [ITI] versus conical [ILI]). A total of 60 implants (30 ITI and 30 ILI) were placed in the cranial and caudal part of the tibia of 8 Göttinger minipigs. Half of the minipigs were sacrificed at 7 days and 28 days of osseointegration. Implant containing bone specimens were prepared for histological and ultrastructural investigations.
Histological investigation showed a direct contact of bone-like minerals over the whole implant surface from day 7 of implant/bone interaction. The conical implant showed a direct contact up to the top of the crestal bone. The cylindrical implants demonstrated a small crestally located narrow gap without ossification over the whole experimental period.
Our investigations demonstrate an implant-design inherent emergence and maintenance of crestal bone.
Schlüsselwörter
Implantat - Osseointegration - Implantatdesign
Key Words
Endosseous Dental Implantation - Implant - Osseointegration - Peri-Implant Bone
Literatur
- 1 Adell R, Eriksson B, Lekholm U, Brånemark P-I, Jemt T. A long-term follow-up study of osseointegrated implants in the treatment of totally edentulous jaws. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1990; 5 347-359
- 2 Albrektsson T, Brånemark P-I, Hasson HA, Lindstrom J. Titanium implant. Requirements for ensuring a long-lasting direct bone anchorage in man. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. 1981; 52 155-170
- 3 Albrektsson T, Dahl E, Enborn L. et al. . Osseointegrated oral implants. A Swedish multicenter study of 8139 consecutively inserted Nobelpharma implants. J Periodontol. 1998; 59 287-296
- 4 Albrektsson T, Johansson C. Osteoinduction, osteoconduction and osseointegration. Eur Spine J. 2001; 10 96-101
- 5 Büchter A, Kleinheinz J, Wiesmann H-P. et al. .Biological and biomechanical evaluation of bone remodelling and implant stability after using an osteotome technique. Clin Oral Impl Res 2005
- 6 Buser D, Schenk RK, Steinemann S. et al. . Removal torque values of titanium implants. A histomorphometric study in miniature pigs. J Biomed Mater Res. 1991; 25 889-902
- 7 Buser D, Nydegger T, Hirt HP, Cochran DL, Nolte LP. Removal torque values of titan implant in the maxilla of miniature pigs. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1998; 13 611-619
- 8 Brånemark P-I, Hansson BO, Ddell R. et al. . Osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Experience from a 10-year period. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1977; 11 50-53
- 9 Ennerberger A, Albrektsson T, Andersson B, Kroll II. A histomorphometric and removal torque study of scre-sharped titanium implants with three different surface topographies. Clin Oral Impl Res. 1996; 6 24-30
- 10 Friberg B, Sennerby L, Roos J, Lekholm U. Identification of bone quality in conjunction with insertion of titanium implants. Clin Oral Impl Res. 1995; 6 213-219
- 11 Friberg B, Sennerby L, Lindén B, Gröndahl K, Lekholm U. Stability measurements of one-stage Brånemark implants during healing in mandibles. A clinical resonance frequency analysis study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999; 28 266-272
- 12 Friberg B, Sennerby L, Meredith N, Lekholm U. A comparison between cutting torque and resonance frequency measurements. A 20-month clinical study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999; 28 297-303
- 13 Fugazzotto PA, Vlassis J. Long-term success of sinus augmentation using various surgical approaches and grafting materials. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1998; 13 52-58
- 14 Gaggl A, Schlutes G, Rainer H, Kärcher H. Histologische und histomorphometrische Ergebnisse der Implantation dentaler Implantate bei Früh- und Spätimplantation. Mund Kiefer GesichtsChir. 2004; 4 278-284
- 15 Li D, Ferguson S, Beutler T. et al. . Biomechanical comparison of sandblasted and acid-etched and the machined and acid-etched titanium surface for dental implants. J Biomed Mater Res. 2002; 60 345-332
- 16 Meyer U, Wiesmann HP, Kruse-Lösler B. et al. . Strain-related bone remodeling in distraction osteogenesis of the mandible. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999; 3 800-807
- 17 Meyer U, Vollmer D, Runte C, Bourauel C, Joos U. Bone loading pattern around implants in average and atrophic edentulous maxillae: A finite-element analysis. 2001; 29 100-105
- 18 Meyer U, Joos U, Mythili J. et al. . Ultrastructural characterization of the implant/ bone interface of immediately loaded dental implants. Biomaterials. 2004; 25 1959-1967
- 19 Rasmusson L, Meredith N, Sennerby L. Measurements of stability changes of titanium implants with exposed threads subjected to barrier membrane induced bone augmentation. An experimental study in the rabbit tibia. Clin Oral Impl Res. 1997; 8 316-322
- 20 Rasmusson L, Meredith N, Sennerby L. Stability assessment and histology of titanium implants places simultaneously with autogenous only bone in the rabbit tibia. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1998; 27 229-235
- 21 Rasmusson L, Meredith N, Sennerby L. Effects of barrier membranes on bone resorption and implant stability in onlay bone grafts. An experimental study. Clin Oral Impl Res. 1999; 10 267-277
- 22 Rasmusson L, Meredith N, Sennerby L. The influence on the stability of titanium implants in onlay bone grafts. A histologic and biomechanic study in the rabbit. Int Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999; 28 224-231
- 23 Schou S, HØlmstrup P, Jorgensen T. et al. . Implant surface preparation in the surgical treatment of experimental peri-implantitis with autogenous bone graft and ePTEE membrane in cynomolgus monkeys. Clin Oral Impl Res. 2003; 14 412-422
- 24 Zitzmann NU, Schärer P. Sinus elevation procedures in the resorbed posterior maxilla. Comparison of the crestal and lateral approaches. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1998; 85 8-17
Korrespondenzadresse
Dr. André Büchter
Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund- und Kiefer-Gesichtschirurgie (Direktor: Prof. Dr. Dr. Dr. h. c. U. Joos)
Universität Münster
Waldeyerstraße 30
48129 Münster
Email: Buchtea@uni-muenster.de