Oocyte Maturation: The Coming of Age of a Germ Cell

Michelle Jamnongjit; Stephen R. Hammes

doi:10.1055/s-2005-872451

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Semin Reprod Med 2005; 23(3): 234-241
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-872451

Oocyte Maturation: The Coming of Age of a Germ Cell

Michelle Jamnongjit¹ , Stephen R. Hammes¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Normal female fertility relies on proper development of the oocyte. This growth culminates just prior to ovulation, when oocyte maturation occurs. Oocyte maturation refers to a release of meiotic arrest that allows oocytes to advance from prophase I to metaphase II of meiosis. This precisely regulated meiotic progression is essential for normal ovulation and subsequent fertilization, and involves changes in the delicate balance between factors promoting meiotic arrest and others that are stimulating maturation. Most of the inhibitory mechanisms appear to involve the upregulation of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels. These processes may include direct transport of the nucleotide into oocytes via gap junctions, G protein-mediated stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, and inhibition of intracellular phosphodiesterases. In contrast, potential factors that play roles in triggering oocyte maturation include gonadotropins (e.g., follicle-stimulating factor and luteinizing hormone), growth factors (e.g., amphiregulin and epiregulin), sterols (e.g., follicular fluid-derived meiosis-activating sterol), and steroids (e.g., testosterone progesterone, and estradiol). Delineating the complex interactions between these positive and negative components is critical for determining the role that oocyte maturation plays in regulating follicle development and ovulation, and may lead to novel methods that can be used to modulate these processes in women with both normal and aberrant fertility.

KEYWORDS

Oocyte - ovary - maturation - steroids - nongenomic

Volltext

Referenzen

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Stephen R HammesM.D. Ph.D.

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pharmacology

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-8857

eMail: stephen.hammes@utsouthwestern.edu