ABSTRACT
Although conventional radiographs remain the initial mainstay for imaging of the foot in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has afforded the ability to detect early signs of the disease (i.e., synovitis, tenosynovitis, bone lesions, and bursitis), especially at the forefoot. In addition, the relatively symmetric distribution of the imaging abnormalities depicted in the metatarsophalangeal joints and the frequent involvement of the retrocalcaneal bursitis are almost specific for RA. In more advanced stages of the disease, MR imaging is well suited to evaluation of the hindfoot joints and tendons as well as the musculoskeletal complications of RA (e.g., tendon disruption, rheumatoid nodules, sinus tarsi syndrome).
KEYWORDS
Magnetic resonance imaging - rheumatoid arthritis - foot
REFERENCES
-
1
Boutry N, Larde A, Lapegue F, Solau-Gervais E, Flipo R M, Cotten A.
Magnetic resonance imaging appearance of the hands and feet in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis.
J Rheumatol.
2003;
30
671-679
-
2
Ostendorf B, Scherer A, Modder U, Schneider M.
Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging of the forefeet in early rheumatoid arthritis when findings on imaging of the metacarpophalangeal joints of the hands remain normal.
Arthritis Rheum.
2004;
50
2094-2102
-
3
Szkudlarek M, Narvestad E, Klarlund M, Court-Payen M, Thomsen H S, Ostergaard M.
Ultrasonography of the metatarsophalangeal joints in rheumatoid arthritis: comparison with magnetic resonance imaging, conventional radiography, and clinical examination.
Arthritis Rheum.
2004;
50
2103-2112
-
4
McQueen F M, Stewart N, Crabbe J et al..
Magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist in early rheumatoid arthritis reveals progression of erosions despite clinical improvement.
Ann Rheum Dis.
1999;
58
156-163
-
5 Resnick D. Rheumatoid arthritis. In: Resnick D Diagnosis of Bone and Joint Disorders. 4th ed. Philadelphia; WB Saunders 2002: 891-987
-
6
van der Heijde D M, van Leeuwen M A, van Riel P L et al..
Biannual radiographic assessments of hands and feet in a three-year prospective followup of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis.
Arthritis Rheum.
1992;
35
26-34
-
7
Ostergaard M, Peterfy C, Conaghan P et al..
OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis magnetic resonance imaging studies. Core set of MRI acquisitions, joint pathology definitions, and the OMERACT RA-MRI scoring system.
J Rheumatol.
2003;
30
1385-1386
-
8
Ostergaard M, Klarlund M.
Importance of timing of post-contrast MRI in rheumatoid arthritis: what happens during the first 60 minutes after IV gadolinium-DTPA?.
Ann Rheum Dis.
2001;
60
1050-1054
-
9
Maillefert J F, Dardel P, Cherasse A, Mistrih R, Krause D, Tavernier C.
Magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of synovial inflammation of the hindfoot in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other polyarthritis.
Eur J Radiol.
2003;
47
1-5
-
10
Weishaupt D, Schweitzer M E, Alam F, Karasick D, Wapner K.
MR imaging of inflammatory joint diseases of the foot and ankle.
Skeletal Radiol.
1999;
28
663-669
-
11
Rosenberg Z S, Beltran J, Bencardino J T.
MR imaging of the ankle and foot.
Radiographics.
2000;
20
S153-S179
-
12
Peterfy C G, van Dijke C F, Lu Y et al..
Quantification of the volume of articular cartilage in the metacarpophalangeal joints of the hand: accuracy and precision of three-dimensional MR imaging.
AJR Am J Roentgenol.
1995;
165
371-375
-
13
Glaser C, Faber S, Eckstein F et al..
Optimization and validation of a rapid high-resolution T1-w 3D FLASH water excitation MRI sequence for the quantitative assessment of articular cartilage volume and thickness.
Magn Reson Imaging.
2001;
19
177-185
-
14
Kaye B R, Kaye R L, Bobrove A.
Rheumatoid nodules. Review of the spectrum of associated conditions and proposal of a new classification, with a report of four seronegative cases.
Am J Med.
1984;
76
279-292
-
15
Sanders T G, Linares R, Su A.
Rheumatoid nodule of the foot: MRI appearances mimicking an indeterminate soft tissue mass.
Skeletal Radiol.
1998;
27
457-460
-
16
Theodorou D J, Theodorou S J, Farooki S, Kakitsubata Y, Resnick D.
Disorders of the plantar aponeurosis: a spectrum of MR imaging findings.
AJR Am J Roentgenol.
2001;
176
97-104
-
17
Jernberg E T, Simkin P, Kravette M, Lowe P, Gardner G.
The posterior tibial tendon and the tarsal sinus in rheumatoid flat foot: magnetic resonance imaging of 40 feet.
J Rheumatol.
1999;
26
289-293
-
18
Woodburn J, Udupa J K, Hirsch B E et al..
The geometric architecture of the subtalar and midtarsal joints in rheumatoid arthritis based on magnetic resonance imaging.
Arthritis Rheum.
2002;
46
3168-3177
-
19
Stiskal M, Szolar D H, Stenzel I et al..
Magnetic resonance imaging of Achilles tendon in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Invest Radiol.
1997;
32
602-608
-
20
Popert A J, Scott D L, Wainwright A C, Walton K W, Williamson N, Chapman J H.
Frequency of occurrence, mode of development, and significance of rice bodies in rheumatoid joints.
Ann Rheum Dis.
1982;
41
109-117
Nathalie BoutryM.D.
Department of Musculoskeletal Radiology, Hôpital Roger Salengro, Boulevard du Professeur J Leclercq, CHRU de Lille
59037 Lille Cedex, France