Zusammenfassung
Untersuchungen an depressiven Patienten legen antidepressive Effekte aerober kontinuierlicher
körperlicher Aktivität nahe (z.B. Jogging, Walken). Auf der anderen Seite ist bisher
ungeklärt, über welche neurobiologischen Mechanismen eine solche Wirkung erzielt wird;
humanmedizinische Untersuchungen zu dieser Fragestellung liegen nicht vor. Ergebnisse
tierexperimenteller Studien weisen darauf hin, dass körperliche Aktivität u. a. mit
einem signifikanten Anstieg zerebraler Monoamine und neurotropher Faktoren (Brain
Derived Neurotrophic Factor BDNF) korreliert. Letzteres wiederum bewirkt verstärkte
Neurogenese speziell im Hippocampus. In der Grundlagenforschung haben Neurogenese
und Neuroplastizität in jüngster Zeit herausragende Bedeutung erlangt. Vielleicht
eröffnet die Methode des Dauerleistungstrainings neue therapeutische Optionen nicht
nur für depressive Störungen.
Summary
Investigations in depressive patients suggested antidepressive effects of continuous
aerobic physical exercise (e.g. jogging, walking). On the other hand, it is yet unclear
which mode(s) of neurobiological action are responsible for this since there are no
human studies addressing this question. Results of animal studies showed an increase
of cerebral monoamines and the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor BDNF, which is associated
with neuroneogenesis especially in the hippocampus. In today's basic research it has
been repeatedly stated that neuroneogenesis and neuroplasticity are of outstanding
relevance so that maybe continuous neuromuscular activity opens new therapeutic options
not only for depressive disorders.
Key words
physical exercise - depression - cerebral monoamines - neurogenesis
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Korrespondenzadresse:
PD Dr. med. N.-U. Neumann
Abt. Allgemeine Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des BKH Günzburg an der Donau-Ries-Klinik
Neudegger Allee 6
86609 Donauwörth
eMail: Norbert.Neumann@bkh-guenzburg.de