Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Die endovaskuläre Stentprothesenimplantation erweist sich zunehmend als erfolgreich
zur Therapie des rupturierten infrarenalen Aortenaneurysmas. Die nicht-traumatische
Ruptur der nicht-aneurysmatischen infrarenalen Aorta ist sehr selten, infolge Tumorarrosion
eine absolute Rarität. Methoden: Anhand einer Kasuistik wird die Möglichkeit der endovaskulären Therapie bei infrarenaler
Aortenruptur dargestellt und eine Literaturanalyse vorgenommen. Ergebnisse: Ein 58-jähriger Patient entwickelte eine spontane Ruptur der infrarenalen Aorta nach
erfolgreicher Chemotherapie, die zur Regression eines periaortalen peritonealen Mesothelioms
geführt hatte. Der Patient befand sich in einem septischen Zustand bereits seit einigen
Tagen, bevor die Aortenruptur bei einem CT zur Fokussuche entdeckt wurde. Unter Notfallbedingungen
wurde die sofortige transfemorale endovaskuläre Stentprothesenimplantation vorgenommen.
Bei einem Follow-up von 24 Monaten ist kein Tumorrezidiv sicher nachweisbar. Die vaskuläre
Rekonstruktion weist keinen pathologischen Befund auf und der Patient befindet sich
in einem guten Allgemeinzustand. Bisher sind nur drei weitere Fälle einer endovaskulären
Therapie eines rupturierten infrarenalen Aortenwandulkus beschrieben worden. Diskussion: Der Bericht dieses klinischen Falles ist die erste Beschreibung der endovaskulären
Therapie einer spontanen Aortenruptur nach erfolgreicher Chemotherapie eines periaortalen
Mesothelioms. Gleichzeitig ist dieser Fallbericht die vierte bis dato bekannte Beschreibung
einer erfolgreichen Stentprothesen-Implantation bei nicht-aneurysmatischer Ruptur
der infrarenalen Aorta. Die minimalinvasive endovaskuläre Therapie sollte einen festen
Platz im therapeutischen Spektrum der Aortenruptur beanspruchen.
Abstract
Introduction: Endovascular therapy is being used increasingly also to treat ruptured infrarenal
aortic aneurysms. Non-traumatic rupture of non-aneurysmatic infrarenal aorta is an
absolute rarity. Methods: The feasibility of endovascular repair of infrarenal aortic rupture is demonstrated
with a case history and a literature review. Results: A 58-year-old male developed spontaneous rupture of his infrarenal aorta after successful
chemotherapy resulting in regression of a periaortic tumor. The patient suffered from
a sepsis for several days before aortic rupture was discovered during computed tomography
for focus search. Immediate endovascular stent-graft repair was performed under emergency
conditions. There is no recurrence and the patient is doing well with the stent-graft
in place without any pathological finding after a follow-up of 24 months. So far only
three further cases have been reported of endovascular repair for penetrating atherosclerotic
ulcer with rupture of the infrarenal aorta. Discussion: This is the first report of endovascular repair of aortic rupture due to successful
chemotherapy of a periaortic mesothelioma. Furthermore, this is the fourth case of
successful stent-graft placement to treat non-aneurysmatic rupture of the infrarenal
aorta. Minimally invasive endovascular therapy should become a standard treatment
option for aortic rupture.
Schlüsselwörter
Aortenruptur - peritoneales Mesotheliom - penetrierendes atherosklerotisches Ulkus
- endovaskuläre Therapie - Stentprothesensystem
Key words
aortic rupture - peritoneal mesothelioma - penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer - endovascular
therapy - stent-graft system
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. R. I. Rückert
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