A Facile Synthesis of Benzofuroisocoumarins from C-2 Arylated 1,3-Indanediones

Abstract

Refluxing 2-hydroxy-2-(2′-hydroxy-aryl/naphthyl)-1,3-indanediones in ethyleneglycol with a catalytic amount of tri­ethylamine produces benzofuroisocoumarins after a short reaction time (15 min) in very good yields.

benzofuroisocoumarins - ninhydrin - phenols - hetero­cycles - catalysis

References

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13

Adducts 2j-p; General Procedure A mixture of ninhydrin (0.25 g, 1.4 mmol) and the appropriate phenol, 1j-p (4.2 mmol) was refluxed in AcOH for the time indicated in Table [1] . Then the cold reaction mixture was poured into ice cold H₂O and was left to sit undisturbed overnight. The crystalline solid product was filtered and washed with H₂O. Recrystallization(acetone) gave pure products 2. 2j (as hemiketal 3j) IR (KBr): 3497, 3415, 1703, 1602, 1457, 1288, 1182, 955, 771 cm^-1. ¹H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 8.08 (1 H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.84 (1 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 7.81 (1 H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.60 (1 H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 7.39 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.29 (1 H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 6.92 (1 H, t, J = 7.8 Hz). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 198.0, 153.5, 148.0, 137.4, 134.1, 132.3, 131.5, 125.6, 125.3, 124.0, 123.5, 123.0, 116.5, 109.5, 82.9. Anal. Calcd for C₁₅H₉ClO₄: C, 62.40; H, 3.14. Found: C, 62.53; H, 3.22. 2o (as hemiketal 3o) IR (KBr): 3304, 1725, 1692, 1607, 1296, 1235, 1098, 1012, 871 cm^-1. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, acetone-d ₆): δ = 8.18 (1 H, s), 8.10-7.89 (3 H, m), 7.82-7.79 (1 H, m), 7.71-7.69 (1 H, m), 7.09 (1 H, s), 6.92 (1 H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.11 (1 H, s), 4.34 (2 H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.36 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, acetone-d ₆): δ = 198.1, 165.1, 160.7, 148.7, 136.8, 134.5, 133.6, 131.3, 127.4, 126.0, 125.1, 124.1, 123.2, 111.7, 110.4, 82.1, 60.4, 13.8. Anal. Calcd for C₁₈H₁₄O₆: C, 66.25; H, 4.32. Found: C, 66.34; H, 4.25.

14

Benzofuroisocoumarins 4a-p; General Procedure Et₃N (cat., 0.5 mL) was added to substrates 2a-p (1.4 mmol) in ethyleneglycol (5 mL) and refluxed for 15 min until the solution turned a red color. Then the cold reaction mixture was acidified with HCl (6 N) to pH 6 and the solid product separated. After extraction with CHCl₃, work-up was carried out as usual. The residue from the CHCl₃ layer was purified by column chromatography over silica gel (EtOAc-petroleum ether). 4b IR (KBr): 1728 (CO) cm^-1. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 8.40 (1 H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.95 (1 H, d, J = 7.1 Hz), 7.88-7.83 (1 H, m), 7.63-7.52 (2 H, m), 7.29-7.23 (2 H, m), 2.61 (3 H, s). ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 162.1 (CO), 153.3, 138.2, 135.63, 135.59, 132.0, 130.0, 128.4, 128.2, 124.3, 123.0, 119.9, 119.8, 119.1, 116.6, 15.1. Anal. Calcd for C₁₆H₁₀O₃: C, 76.79; H, 4.03. Found: C, 76.88; H, 4.15. 4e IR (KBr): 1730 (CO) cm^-1. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 8.39 (1 H, d, J = 8.0 Hz), 7.93 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.87-7.82 (1 H, m), 7.56-7.51 (1 H, m), 7.18 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.05 (1 H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 3.57-3.48 (1 H, m), 2.74 (3 H, s), 1.42 (6 H, d, J = 7.0 Hz). ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 162.2 (CO), 152.4, 139.3, 135.5, 135.0, 132.0, 130.9, 130.1, 129.2, 128.2, 125.2, 124.2, 119.8, 119.3, 118.6, 28.4, 23.1 (2 C), 18.6. Anal. Calcd for C₁₉H₁₆O₃: C, 78.06; H, 5.52. Found: C, 78.21; H, 5.63. 4f IR (KBr): 1746 (CO) cm^-1. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 8.39 (1 H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 7.98 (1 H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.87-7.81 (1 H, m), 7.58-7.52 (1 H, m), 7.37 (1 H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.30-7.25 (1 H, m), 6.95 (1 H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 4.07 (3 H, s). ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 162.0 (CO), 146.1, 143.7, 138.0, 137.0, 135.7, 132.0, 129.9, 128.5, 125.1, 121.2, 120.1, 119.8, 111.2, 109.2, 56.6. Anal. Calcd for C₁₆H₁₀O₄: C, 72.18; H, 3.78. Found: C, 72.31; H, 3.65. 4h IR (KBr): 1734 (CO) cm^-1. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 8.67 (1 H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 8.42 (1 H, d, J = 8.0 Hz), 8.00-7.83 (4 H, m), 7.72-7.67 (2 H, m), 7.60-7.52 (2 H, m). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 161.7 (CO), 152.0, 139.4, 135.3, 134.9, 131.7, 130.5, 129.6, 128.5, 128.0, 127.7, 127.4, 126.4, 125.7, 124.6, 119.2, 118.6, 113.6, 112.6. Anal. Calcd for C₁₉H₁₀O₃: C, 79.71; H, 3.52. Found: C, 79.62; H, 3.63. 4j IR (KBr): 1747 (CO) cm^-1. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 8.41 (1 H, d, J = 8.0 Hz), 8.02 (1 H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.92-7.86 (1 H, m), 7.70 (1 H, dd, J = 7.6, 1.1 Hz), 7.63-7.58 (1 H, m), 7.45 (1 H, dd, J = 7.6, 1.1 Hz), 7.31 (1 H, m). ¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 161.1 (CO), 149.5, 137.1, 136.2, 135.4, 131.6, 128.9, 128.6, 126.8, 124.8, 120.8, 119.8, 119.5, 117.9, 117.2. Anal. Calcd for C₁₅H₇ClO₃: C, 66.55; H, 2.61. Found: C, 66.69; H, 2.78. 4o IR (KBr): 1745 (CO) cm^-1. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 8.52 (1 H, d, J = 1.6 Hz), 8.40 (1 H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 8.16 (1 H, dd, J = 8.8, 1.6 Hz), 7.92-7.85 (2 H, m), 7.63-7.56 (2 H, m), 4.43 (2 H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.44 (3 H, t, J = 7.1 Hz). ¹³C NMR (125 MHz, CDCl₃): δ = 166.3 (CO₂Et), 161.5 (CO), 156.5, 137.7, 137.1, 135.8, 132.1, 129.5, 129.1, 128.6, 127.2, 121.4, 120.0, 119.6, 112.7, 112.6, 61.7, 14.7. Anal. Calcd for C₁₈H₁₂O₅: C, 70.13; H, 3.92. Found: C, 70.27; H, 4.04.

15a

X-ray crystal structure analysis for 4d: formula C₁₆H₁₀O₃, M = 250.24, colorless crystal 0.30 × 0.10 × 0.10 mm, a = 7.069 (1), b = 12.326 (1), c = 13.217 (1) Å, V = 1151.6 (2) ų, ρ_calcd = 1.443 gcm^-3, µ = 0.819 mm^-1, empirical absorption correction (0.791 ≤ T ≤ 0.923), Z = 4, orthorhombic, space group P2₁2₁2₁ (No. 19), λ = 1,54178 Å, T = 223 K, ω and φ scans, 4448 reflections collected (±h, ±k, ±l), [(sinθ)/l] = 0.60 Å^-1, 1958 independent (R _int = 0.031) and 1852 observed reflections [I ≥ 2 σ(I)], 173 refined parameters, R = 0.044, wR ² = 0.118, max residual electron density 0.20 (-0.19) eÅ^-3, Flack parameter 0.3 (3), hydrogens calculated and refined as riding atoms. Data set was collected with a Nonius Kappa CCD diffractometer. Programs used:

15b

Data collection: COLLECT (Nonius B.V., 1998)

15c Data reduction, Denzo-SMN: Otwinowski Z. Minor W. Methods Enzymol.  1997,  276:  307 

15d Absorption correction, Denzo: Otwinowski Z. Borek D. Majewski W. Minor W. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A  2003,  59:  228 

15e Structure solution SHELXS-97: Sheldrick GM. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A  1990,  46:  467 

15f Structure refinement: Sheldrick GM. SHELXL-97   Universität Göttingen; Germany: 1997. 

15g

Graphics: SCHAKAL (E. Keller, 1997)

15h

Crystallographic data (excluding structure factors) for the structure reported in this paper have been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication CCDC-285096. Copies of the data can be obtained free of charge on application to The Director, CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK [fax [phone],
e-mail: [e-mail]].