Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-926586
© Karl Demeter Verlag im Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Gelenkbeteiligung bei chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen - Aktuelle Diagnostik und Therapiemöglichkeiten
Joint Involvement in Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease - Current Diagnostics and Treatment OptionsPublication History
Manuskript eingetroffen: 12.1.2006
Manuskript akzeptiert: 24.1.2006
Publication Date:
13 June 2006 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die Gelenkbeteiligung ist die häufigste extraintestinale Manifestation chronisch entzündlicher Darmerkrankungen (CED). Sie kann sich in Form von Arthralgien äußern und als Spondyloarthritis Extremitätengelenke, das Achsenskelett sowie Sehnen einbeziehen. Das klinische Bild ist wegweisend für die Diagnostik und Therapie. Insbesondere sollte ein „entzündlicher Rückenschmerz” frühzeitig zu einer Abklärung führen. HLA-B27 kann ein Indikator für eine prognostisch ungünstige ankylosierende Spondylitis sein. Die Arthrosonographie und die Magnetresonanztomographie haben in der Entzündungsdiagnostik gegenüber anderen bildgebenden Verfahren die größte Bedeutung. Während sich Arthralgien oft unter der Behandlung der CED bessern, erfordern die polyartikuläre Arthritis, Sakroiliitis, ankylosierende Spondylitis und Enthesitis meist eine zusätzliche langfristige Therapie. Analgetika, lokale Glukokortikoide und Physiotherapie stellen hierbei die therapeutische Grundlage dar. Bei polyartikulärer Arthritis können antirheumatische Langzeittherapeutika wie Sulfasalazin und Methotrexat eingesetzt werden. In frühen Stadien einer Achsenskelettbeteiligung kann eine Therapie mit Sulfasalazin sinnvoll sein. Tumornekrosefaktor(TNF)-alpha-Antagonisten sind bei therapierefraktären, entzündlich aktiven Verläufen gerechtfertigt. Für Patienten, die nicht auf TNF-alpha-Antagonisten ansprechen, stellen weitere „Biologicals”, die auf anderen Ebenen des Entzündungsprozesses angreifen und derzeit im Rahmen von Studien eingesetzt werden, potenzielle künftige Therapiemöglichkeiten dar.
Abstract
Joint involvement is the most frequent extra-intestinal manifestation of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Arthralgias are common and spondylarthropathy may affect peripheral joints, the spine as well as tendons. Clinical assessment has the greatest impact on diagnostics and therapy. In particular, a history of “inflammatory back pain” should lead to further investigations. HLA-B27 may be indicative of ankylosing spondylitis in IBD. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging are preferred diagnostic modalities for the assessment of inflammation. Arthralgia often improves during treatment of IBD. In contrast, polyarticular arthritis, sacroiliitis, ankylosing spondylitis and enthesitis often require additional continuous therapy. Baseline therapy includes analgesics, intra-articular corticosteroid administration, and physiotherapy. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs such as sulfasalazine and methotrexate are used in polyarticular arthritis. Sulfasalazine may be effective in patients with early axial disease as well. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocking agents may be employed in patients with active disease not responding to conventional treatment. For patients who fail to respond to TNF blockade, the emergence of other targets of the inflammatory cascade may provide more treatment choices in the future.
Schlüsselwörter
Chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankung - Colitis ulcerosa - Morbus Crohn - extraintestinale Manifestation
Key words
Inflammatory bowel disease - colitis ulcerosa - Crohn’s disease - extraintestinal manifestation
Literatur
- 1 Adler G, Reinshagen M. (Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten: Diagnostik und Therapie des M. Crohn). Extraintestinale Manifestationen. Z Gastroenterol. 2003; 41 54-61
- 2 Reinshagen M, Fölsch U R. (Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselkrankheiten). Extraintestinale Manifestationen bei Colitis ulcerosa. Z Gastroenterol. 2004; 42 1024-1028
- 3 Hoffmann J C, Zeitz M. S3-Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Verdauungs- und Stoffwechselerkrankungen und des Kompetenznetzes chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankungen zur Diagnostik und Therapie der Colitis ulcerosa. Ein Update. Med Klinik. 2005; 100, 1 43-50
- 4 De Vlam K, Mielants H, Cuvelier C. et al . Spondylarthropathy is underestimated in inflammatory bowel disease : prevalence and HLA association. J Rheumatol. 2000; 27 (12) 2860-2865
- 5 Salvarani C, Vlachonikolis I G, van der Heijde C M. et al . Musculoskeletal manifestations in a population-based cohort of inflammatory bowel disease patients. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2001; 36 (12) 1307-1313
- 6 Orchard T R, Wordsworth B P, Jewell D P. Peripheral arthropathies in inflammatory bowel disease: their articular distribution and natural history. Gut. 1998; 42 387-391
- 7 Palm O, Moum B, Jahnsen J. et al . The prevalence and incidence of peripheral arthritis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, a prospective population-based study (the IBSEN study). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2001; 40 1256-1261
- 8 Palm O, Moum B, Ongre A. et al . Prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis and other spondyloarthropathies among patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a population study (the IBSEN study). J Rheumatol. 2002; 29 511-515
- 9 Healy P J, Helliwell P S. Classification of the spondylarthropathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005; 17 395-399
- 10 Holden W, Orchard T, Wordsworth P. Enteropathic arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2003; 29 513-530
- 11 Schorr-Lesnick B, Brandt L J. Selected rheumatologic and dermatologic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 1988; 83 216-223
- 12 Dougados M, van der Linden S, Juhlin R. et al . The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondylarthropathy. Arthritis Rheum. 1991; 34 1218-1227
- 13 Wollheim F A. Enteropathic arthritis: how do the joints talk with the gut?. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2001; 13 305-309
- 14 Orchard T R, Thiyagaraja S, Welsh K I. et al . Clinical phenotype is related to HLA genotype in the peripheral arthropathies of inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology. 2000; 118 274-278
- 15 Braun J, Bollow M, Remlinger G. et al . Prevalence of spondylarthropathies in HLA-B27 positive and negative blood donors. Arthritis Rheum. 1998; 41 58-67
- 16 Calin A, Porta J, Fries J F. et al . Clinical history as a screening test for ankylosing spondylitis. JAMA. 1977; 237 2613-2614
- 17 Rudwaleit M, Sieper J. Diagnose und Frühdiagnose der ankylosierenden Spondylitis (Morbus Bechterew). Z Rheumatol. 2004; 63 193-202
- 18 De Vos M. Joint involvement in inflammatory bowel disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004; 20 (Suppl 4) 36-42
- 19 Baeten D, de Keyser H, Veys E M. Ankylosing spondylitis and bowel disease. Best Practice & Research Clin Rheumatol. 2002; 16 (4) 537-549
- 20 Laukens D, Peeters H, Marichal D. et al . CARD15 gene polymorphisms in patients with spondyloarthropathies identify a specific phenotype previously related to Crohn’s disease. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005; 64 (6) 930-935
- 21 Lambert R, Dhillon S, Jhangri G. et al . High prevalence of symptomatic enthesopathy of the shoulder in ankylosing spondylitis: Deltoid origin involvement constitutes a hallmark of disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2004; 51 681-690
- 22 Olivieri I, Barozzi L, Padula A. Enthesiopathy: clinical manifestations, imaging and treatment. Baillieres Clin Rheumatol. 1998; 12 (4) 665-681
- 23 Klingenstein G, Levy R N, Kornbluth A. et al . Inflammatory bowel disease related osteonecrosis: report of a large series with a review of the literature. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005; 21 243-249
- 24 Ogihara M, Masaki T, Watanabe T. et al . Psoas abscess complicating Crohn’s disease: report of a case. Surg Today. 2000; 30 759-763
- 25 Klaus J, Armbrecht G, Steinkamp M. et al . High prevalence of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in patients with Crohn’s disease. Gut. 2002; 51 654-658
- 26 Buskila D, Odes L R, Neumann L. et al . Fibromyalgia in inflammatory bowel disease. J Rheumatol. 1999; 26 1167-1171
- 27 Palm O, Moum B, Jahnsen J. et al . Fibromyalgia and chronic widespread pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a cross sectional population survey. J Rheumatol. 2001; 28 590-594
- 28 Toussirot E, Wendling D. Crohn’s disease associated with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1997; 15 307-311
- 29 Majka D, Holers V. Can we accurately predict the development of rheumatoid arthritis in the preclinical phase?. Arthritis Rheum. 2003; 48 2701-2705
- 30 Sauerland U, Becker H, Seidel M. et al . Clinical utility of the anti-CCP assay: Experiences with 700 patients. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2005; 1050 314-318
- 31 Van Gaalen F A, Linn-Rasker S P, van Venrooij W J. et al . Autoantibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptides predict progression to rheumatoid arthritis in patients with undifferentiated arthritis: a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Rheum. 2004; 50 709-715
- 32 Gunnarsson I, Kanerud L, Pettersson E. et al . Predisposing factors in sulphasalazine-induced systemic lupus erythematosus. Br J Rheumatol. 1997; 36 1089-1094
- 33 Kirkpatrick A W, Bookman A A, Habal F. Lupus-like syndrome caused by 5-aminosalicylic acid in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Can J Gastroenterol. 1999; 13 159-162
- 34 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie . Qualitätssicherung in der Rheumatologie. Fassung vom 25.9.2003; 5.3.13 , www.rheumanet.org
- 35 Backhaus M, Burmester G R, Gerber T. et al . Guidelines for musculoskeletal ultrasound in rheumatology. Ann Rheum Dis. 2001; 60 641-649
- 36 Lehtinen A, Taavitsainen M, Leirisalo-Repo M. Sonographic analysis of enthesopathy in the lower extremities of patients with spondylarthropathy. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 1994; 12 143-148
- 37 Schmidt W A, Hauer R-W, Banzer D. et al . Technik und Stellenwert der Arthrosonographie in der rheumatologischen Diagnostik. Z Rheumatol. 2002; 61 279-290
- 38 Van der Heijde D, Ladewé R. Imaging in spondylitis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005; 17 413-417
- 39 Braun J, Bollow M, Eggens U. et al . Use of dynamic magnetic resonance tomography in the detection of early and advanced sacroiliitis in spondylarthropathy patients. Arthritis Rheum. 1994; 37 1039-1045
- 40 Bollow M, Braun J, Hamm B. et al . Early sacroiliitis in patients with spondylarthropathy: evaluation with dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging. Radiology. 1995; 194 529-536
- 41 Muche B, Bollow M, Francois R J. et al . Anatomic structures involved in early- and late-stage sacroiliitis in spondylarthritis: a detailed analysis by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Arthritis Rheum. 2003; 48 1374-1384
- 42 Kaufmann H J, Taubin H L. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs activate quiescent inflammatory bowel disease. Ann Intern Med. 1987; 107 513-516
- 43 Evans J MM, McMahon A D, Murray F E. et al . Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are associated with emergency admission to hospital for colitis due to inflammatory bowel disease. Gut. 1997; 40 619-622
- 44 Felder J B, Korelitz B I, Rajapakse R. et al . Effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000; 95 1949-1954
- 45 Bonner G F, Fakhri A, Vennamaneni S R. A long-term cohort study of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and disease activity in outpatients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2004; 10 751-757
- 46 Mahadevan U, Loftus Jr E V, Tremaine W J. et al . Safety of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002; 97 910-914
- 47 Matuk R, Crawford J, Abreu M T. et al . The spectrum of gastrointestinal toxicity and effects on disease activity of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2004; 10 352-356
- 48 Hatz H. Intraartikuläre und periartikuläre Therapie. Hatz H Lokale intraartikuläre Diagnostik und Therapie Bremen; UNI-MED 2005 2. Auflage: 34-80
- 49 Ballow M, Braun J, Taupitz M. et al . Intraarticular corticosteroid injection into the sacroiliac joints using CT guidance in patients with spondylarthropathy: Indication and follow-up with contrast-enhanced MRI. J Comp Assist Tomo. 1996; 20 512-521
- 50 Hanly J G, Mitchell M, MacMillan L. et al . Efficacy of sacroiliac corticosteroid injections in patients with inflammatory spondylarthropathy: Results of a six month study. Arthritis Rheum. 1998; 41 (Suppl S111) 20
- 51 Mease P J. Psoriatic arthritis therapy advances. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005; 17 426-432
- 52 Zochling J, Braun J. Management and treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005; 17 418-425
- 53 Braun J, Alten R, Burmester G. et al . A placebo-controlled multicenter study of the efficacy and tolerance of sulfasalazine in early undifferentiated spondylarthropathy. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004; 63, Suppl 1 413
- 54 Gonzalez-Lopez L, Garcia-Gonzalez A, Vazquez-Del-Mercado M. et al . Efficacy of methotrexate in ankylosing spondylitis: A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial. J Rheumatol. 2004; 31 1568-1574
- 55 Alfadhli A A, McDonald J W, Feagan B G. Methotrexate for induction of remission in refractory Crohn’s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003; 1 CD003459
- 56 Van Denderen J C, van der Horst-Bruinsma I, Bezemer P D. et al . Efficacy and safety of mesalazine (Salofalk) in an open study of 20 patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J Rheumatol. 2003; 30 1558-1560
- 57 Ammer K. Physiotherapy in seronegative spondylarthropathies - a systematic review. Eur J Phys Med Rehabil. 1997; 7 114-119
- 58 Dagfinrud H, Kvien T K, Hagen K B. Physiotherapy interventions for ankylosing spondylitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004; 4 CD002822
- 59 Schmidt K L. Rheumatische Erkrankungen. Schmidt KL, Drexel H, Jochheim KA Lehrbuch der physikalischen Medizin und Rehabilitation Stuttgart; Gustav Fischer 1995: 329-345
- 60 Braun J, Pham T, Sieper J. et al . International ASAS consensus statement for the use of anti-tumour necrosis factor agents in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003; 62 817-824
- 61 Manger B. Überarbeitete Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie zur Therapie mit Tumornekrosefaktor-hemmenden Wirkstoffen bei entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen. Z Rheumatol. 2002; 61 694-697
- 62 Anandarajah A, Ritchlin C T. Treatment update on spondylarthropathy. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005; 17 247-256
- 63 Rudwaleit M, Listing J, Brandt J. et al . Prediction of a major clinical response (BASDAI 50) to tumour necrosis factor alpha blockers in ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004; 63 665-670
- 64 Van der Heijde D, Dijkmans B, Geusens P. et al . Efficacy and safety of infliximab in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (ASSERT). Arthritis Rheum. 2005; 52 582-591
- 65 Generini S, Giacomelli R, Fedi R. et al . Infliximab in spondyloarthropathy associated with Crohn’s disease: an open study on the efficacy of inducing and maintaining remission of musculoskeletal and gut manifestations. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004; 63 1664-1669
- 66 Kaufman I, Caspi D, Yeshurun D. et al . The effect of infliximab on extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn’s disease. Rheumatol International. 2005; 25 406-410
- 67 Van den Bosch F, Kruithof E, De Vos M. et al . Crohn’s disease associated with spondyloarthropathy: effect of TNF-alpha blockade with infliximab on articular symptoms. Lancet. 2000; 356 1821-1822
- 68 Marzo-Ortega H, McGonagle D, O’Connor P. et al . Efficacy of etanercept for treatment of Crohn’s related spondyloarthritis but not colitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003; 62 74-76
- 69 Maksymowych W P, Jhangri G S, Fitzgerald A A. et al . A six-month randomized, controlled, double-blind, dose-response comparison of intravenous pamidronate (60 mg versus 10 mg) in the treatment of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug-refractory ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2002; 46 766-773
- 70 Kommission Pharmakotherapie . Stellungnahme der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie zur Therapie der ankylosierenden Spondylitis (AS) mit Radiumchlorid (224SpondylAT). Z Rheumatol. 2001; 60 84-87
- 71 Monsen U, Sorstad J, Hellers G. et al . Extracolonic diagnoses in ulcerative colitis: an epidemiological study. Am J Gastroenterol. 1990; 85 711-716
- 72 Thomas P D, Keat A C, Forbes A. et al . Extraintestinal manifestations of ulcerative colitis following restorative proctocolectomy. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999; 11 1001-1005
- 73 Andreyev H JN, Kamm M A, Forbes A. et al . Joint symptoms after restorative proctocolectomy in ulcerative colitis and familial polyposis coli. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1996; 23 35-39
- 74 Ter Borg E J, Nadorp J H, Elbers J R. Ileal pouch arthritis: a case report. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1996; 8 957-959
- 75 Isdale A, Wright V. Seronegative arthritis and the bowel: the gut and rheumatic diseases. Baillière’s Clin Rheumatol. 1989; 3 285-301
- 76 Orchard T R, Jewell D P. The importance of ileocaecal integrity in the arthritic complications of Crohn’s disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 1999; 5 92-97
PD Dr. Heidemarie Becker
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik B, Universitätsklinikum Münster
Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33
48149 Münster
Phone: ++ 49/2 51/8 34 83 67
Fax: ++ 49/2 51/8 34 99 60
Email: beckerhe@mednet.uni-muenster.de