Zusammenfassung
Nach dem Scheitern der Ernährungstherapie bei der Behandlung adipöser Personen sucht man nach neuen therapeutischen Zugängen. Immer mehr wird erkannt, dass psychosoziale Faktoren sowohl wesentlich zur Gewichtsakkumulation beitragen als auch die therapeutischen Strategien bei dieser Personengruppe beeinflussen. Erschreckend sind die Daten einer Studie an schwer adipösen Personen, die sich für eine bariatrische chirurgische Behandlung entschieden haben, da 69 % dieser Personengruppe über eine Misshandlung in ihrer Kindheit berichteten. Heute beginnt man sich immer mehr für die Psychologie der positiven Gefühle zu interessieren, da gezeigt wurde, dass der emotionale Zustand wesentlicher diskriminierender Faktor zwischen gesund und krank ist. Evidenzabgesicherte Studien haben auch ergeben, dass durch gewisse Trainingsmethoden die Emotionslage in Richtung positiv verlagert werden kann. Es ist außerdem zu hinterfragen, inwieweit die positiven Ergebnisse einer Bewegungstherapie adipöser Patienten nicht Folge eines verbesserten Wohlbefindens statt eines vermehrten Energiebedarfs sind.
Abstract
Nutritional therapy with caloric deprivation was not really successful for treatment of obesity. Therefore new therapeutical strategies are wanted. In this respect, especially psychosocial and lifestyle aspects are of growing interest. Symptoms of depression are often associated with changes in body weight. A recent study revealed that 62 % of obese bariatric surgery candidates suffered from childhood maltreatment. Today the interest of psychology is turning from cure of mental illness into the direction of „positive psychology” to scientifically investigate the factors which increase wellbeing and happiness. Evidence-based methods have been developed to stimulate positive moods. In this context, it seems questionable whether the positive effects of exercise in obese people are due to increased energy consumption or to increased wellbeing and happiness.
Schlüsselwörter
Adipositas - Glück - Wohlbefinden - positive Psychologie - Depression
Key words
Obesity - happiness - wellbeing - positive psychology - depression
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Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. DI. Erich Roth
Universitätsklinik für Chirurgie/AKH · Forschungslaboratorien
Währinger Gürtel 18 - 20
1090 Wien · Österreich
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Fax: 40400-6782
Email: Erich.Roth@meduniwien.ac.at
