Zusammenfassung
In dieser Übersichtsarbeit stellen wir die in den nächsten Jahren zu erwartenden therapeutischen Fortschritte in der Behandlung der Multiplen Sklerose (MS) dar. Aus klinischen, bildgebenden, pathologischen, immunologischen und tierexperimentellen Studien resultierten neue Erkenntnisse zur Pathogenese der MS, die in letzter Zeit zu innovativen Therapiekonzepten geführt haben. Schwerpunkte liegen insbesondere auf neuen Erkenntnissen zur Schubtherapie, antikörpervermittelten Strategien sowie oral zu applizierenden Therapieansätzen. Vor allem bei schubförmig verlaufender MS kann seit der Einführung der Immunmodulation mit Interferonen und Glatirameracetat in vielen Fällen die Krankheit durch adäquate und frühe Behandlung langfristig stabilisiert werden. In naher Zukunft sind neben neuen Immuntherapeutika aber wahrscheinlich auch individualisierte Behandlungsansätze zu erwarten. Die weitere Entwicklung neurobiologisch-protektiver Strategien zielt auf das Überleben von Glia- und Nervenzellen ab.
Summary
In this article, recent advances in multiple sclerosis (MS) therapy will be summarized. In the last years, evidence from clinical studies, imaging, histopathology and experimental models laid the groundwork for new therapeutic approaches in the near future. This review focuses on relapse therapy, treatment with target-specific antibodies and new oral treatment strategies. During the last decade, important advance in immunotherapy has already been achieved, which proved especially useful for patients with relapsing remitting MS. The introduction of interferons and glatiramer acetate into MS therapy often leads to a stabilization of the disease course if administered adequately and early. New pathogenetic insights do not only open the avenue for innovative immunodulatory approaches, but may also lead to an individualized MS therapy in the future. Neuroprotective treatment strategies aim at the protection of glial and neuronal cells.
Key Words
multiple sclerosis - treatment - new approaches - neuroprotection
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Korrespondenzadresse:
Dr. med. Ralf Linker
Institut für Multiple Sklerose Forschung
Bereich Humanmedizin der Georg-August-Universität und Gemeinnützige Hertie-Stiftung
Waldweg 33
37073 Göttingen
Email: r.linker@med.uni-goettingen.de