Embolization of an Iatrogenic Renal Arteriovenous Fistula

Abnormal communication between arteries and veins are known as “arteriovenous malformations” (typically congenital) or “arteriovenous fistulae” (usually acquired). In the kidney, arteriovenous fistulae are more common than arteriovenous malformations and usually occur as a direct result of trauma or iatrogenic insult.