Zusammenfassung
Die idiopathischen Photodermatosen (IPD) stellen eine heterogene Gruppe von Erkrankungsbildern dar, die durch pathologische Hautreaktionen in Erscheinung treten, welche durch optische Strahlung insbesondere im Ultraviolett-A-Wellenlängenbereich ausgelöst werden. Die Ätiopathogenese der IPD ist unklar. Die polymorphe Lichtdermatose, die Hidroa vacciniformia, die solare Urtikaria, die aktinische Prurigo und die chronische aktinische Dermatitis sind die wichtigsten Erkrankungen, die zu den IPD gehören. Aufgrund der oft störenden Symptomatik führen die IPD häufig zu einer deutlichen Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität der betroffenen Personen. Zur exakten Bestimmung der Aktionsspektren sowie Klärung des Ausmaßes der Photosensitivität sind photodiagnostische Testverfahren unentbehrlich. Die Photoprovokationsprotokolle, Light-Hardening-Verfahren und medikamentösen Behandlungsformen der IPD sind jedoch kaum standardisiert. In diesem Übersichtsartikel werden die klinischen Charakteristika, diagnostischen Maßnahmen und Therapieoptionen der oben genannten IPD kurz diskutiert.
Abstract
The idiopathic photodermatoses (IPD) represent a heterogenous group of conditions appearing with pathological skin reactions that are triggered by optical radiation, particularly in the ultraviolet A wavelength region. The pathogenesis of IPD is obscure. Polymorphic light eruption, hydroa vacciniformia, solar urticaria, and chronic actinic dermatitis are the most important conditions that belong to the IPD. Due to bothersome symptoms such as intractable itch, the IPD frequently result in a significant reduction in quality of life of affected individuals. Photodiagnostic procedures are mandatory for the exact determination of action spectra and degree of photosensitivity. However, photoprovocation tests, light hardening regimens, and drug therapy of IPD are hardly standardized. In this review, the characteristic clinical features, diagnostic measures, and treatment options of IPD are briefly discussed.
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Dr. T. Gambichler
Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Gudrunstr. 56
44791 Bochum
Email: t.gambichler@klinikum-bochum.de
