Tiefenhirnstimulation bei psychiatrischen Erkrankungen

Zusammenfassung

Das bei ausgewählten Bewegungsstörungen bereits seit Jahren etablierte Verfahren der Tiefenhirnstimulation (THS) (deep brain stimulation) wird zunehmend auch als Behandlungsmöglichkeit für psychische Störungen in Betracht gezogen. Unlängst wurden einige viel versprechende Kasuistiken und Fallserien veröffentlicht, in denen beeindruckende Therapieergebnisse im Rahmen der Anwendung der THS auf ansonsten behandlungsresistente psychiatrische Erkrankungen berichtet werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll ein umfassender Überblick über das Verfahren der THS und im speziellen über dessen Einsatz bei psychischen Störungen gegeben werden. Unter Verwendung einer systematischen Literaturrecherche werden diesbezüglich alle zu Zwangsstörung, Tourette-Syndrom, Depression, Angststörung und Autismus bisher veröffentlichten Therapiestudien berücksichtigt und die Arbeiten hinsichtlich ihrer wissenschaftlichen Evidenz bewertet.

Abstract

As a well and long-established approach in the treatment of selected movement disorders, deep brain stimulation (DBS) is also increasingly considered a potential treatment method in the case of mental disorders. Only recently, a number of highly promising case reports and case series have been published, in which impressive therapeutic outcomes under application of DBS in otherwise treatment-resistant psychiatric illnesses are reported. The current article aims to provide a detailed synopsis of the DBS approach and more specifically its application to mental disorders. By means of a systematic literature search, all relevant treatment studies published to date and focusing on obsessive compulsive disorder, Tourette syndrome, major depression, anxiety disorder and autism were incorporated and evaluated with respect to the scientific evidence presented.

Schlüsselwörter

Tiefenhirnstimulation - Psychiatrische Erkrankungen - Tourette-Syndrom - Zwangsstörung - Depression

Key words

deep brain stimulation - psychiatric disorders - Tourette syndrome - obsessive compulsive disorder - major depression

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