Acute Pulmonary Embolism after an Earthquake in Japan

Masahito Sakuma; Mashio Nakamura; Kazuhiko Hanzawa; Takao Kobayashi; Masayuki Kuroiwa; Norifumi Nakanishi; Yoshiyuki Miyahara; Nobuhiro Tanabe; Norikazu Yamada; Takayuki Kuriyama; Takeyoshi Kunieda; Tsuneaki Sugimoto; Takeshi Nakano; Kunio Shirato

doi:10.1055/s-2006-955468

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Semin Thromb Hemost 2006; 32(8): 856-860
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-955468

Acute Pulmonary Embolism after an Earthquake in Japan

Masahito Sakuma¹ , Mashio Nakamura² , Kazuhiko Hanzawa³ , Takao Kobayashi⁴ , Masayuki Kuroiwa⁵ , Norifumi Nakanishi⁶ , Yoshiyuki Miyahara⁷ , Nobuhiro Tanabe⁸ , Norikazu Yamada² , Takayuki Kuriyama⁸ , Takeyoshi Kunieda⁹ , Tsuneaki Sugimoto¹⁰ , Takeshi Nakano² , Kunio Shirato¹

¹Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
²Department of Cardiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
³Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
⁴Shinshu University School of Health Sciences, Matsumoto, Japan
⁵Department of Anesthesiology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
⁶Department of Internal Medicine, National Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
⁷Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
⁸Department of Respiration, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
⁹Department of Internal Medicine, Sumida Shuko-en Facility, Tokyo, Japan
¹⁰Kanto Central Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

Abstract

ABSTRACT

There have been no reports on acute pulmonary embolism (APE) after earthquakes. Our aim was to clarify the actual the occurrence of APE following the 2004 Mid Niigata Prefecture earthquake in Japan, and to assess the risk factors for APE after the event. We sent questionnaires to 122 hospitals in the Niigata Prefecture after the earthquake. Cities, towns, and villages in the prefecture were classified into two areas (high evacuee rate area, and low evacuee rate area) due to the mean ratio of evacuees to the overall population during 1 week immediately after the earthquake. A rate of 5% and higher was encountered for the high evacuee rate area and a rate of < 5% was encountered for the low evacuee rate area. Ten out-of-hospital cases of APE (seven in the high evacuee rate area and three in the low evacuee rate area) were diagnosed within the first month after the earthquake. The relative risk of APE was high in the high evacuee rate area (13.09; p = 0.0002) and also higher in women (8.55; p = 0.04). All patients in the high evacuee rate area had stayed in their automobiles for long periods of time, but none had done so in the low evacuee rate area (p = 0.008).

KEYWORDS

Pulmonary embolism - earthquake - gender - economy-class syndrome

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Referenzen

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Mashio NakamuraM.D. Ph.D.

Department of Cardiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine

2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan

eMail: mashio@clin.medic.mie-u.ac.jp