Novel Saponins from Zizyphus spina-christi Growing in Egypt

Abstract

From the butanol extract of the leaves of Zizyphus spina-christi (L.) Willd. (Rhamnaceae), four saponin glycosides were isolated: Christinin A (1), B (2), C (3), and D (4). Their structures were determined by chemical and spectroscopic evidence. Compound 1, was found to be 3-O-[α-L-fucopyranosyl(1→2)-β -D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]jujubogenin; the others are the new, 2 being 3-O-[α-D-fucopyranosyl(1→2)-{β -D-glucopyranosyl-4-sulphate(1→3)}-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]jujubogenin, 3 being 3-O-β-glucopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→3)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]jujubogenin, and 4 being 3-O-[α-L-fucopyranosyl(1→2)-{β-D-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)}-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]jujubogenin.

Key words

Zizyphus spina-christi (L.) Willd. - Rhamnaceae - saponins - christinins A, B, C, and D