The Role of Triterpenoids in the Topical Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Calendula officinalis Flowers

Abstract

By means of a bioassay-oriented fractionation of the CO₂ extract of Calendula flowers, the triterpenoids are shown as the most important anti-inflammatory principles of the drug. Among them, the faradiol monoester appears to be the most relevant principle for the activity of the drug, due to its quantitative prevalence. The unesterified faradiol, not present in the extract, is the most active of the tested compounds and equals indomethacin in activity, whereas the monools ψ-taraxasterol, lupeol, taraxasterol, and β-amyrin are less active than the free diol. The anti-inflammatory activity of different CO₂ extracts is proportional to their content of faradiol monoester, which can be taken as a suitable parameter for the quality control of Calendula preparations.

Key words

Calendula officinalis - Asteraceae - sesquiterpene alcohols - faradiol - anti-inflammatory activity