This study analyzed ear canal and open-field sound-pressure level measurements of 24 commercially available toys from five national retail stores. Only toys manufactured after creation of the American Society for Testing and Materials International (ASTM International) noise standard in 2003 were included. Sound-pressure level measurements were compared with the ASTM International standard to determine if toys put children at risk for acquiring noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). The efficacy of this standard also was assessed. Results of this study indicate that many children's toys exceed the current recommended standards for safe noise levels. Children may be at risk for acquiring NIHL if exposed to these toys. A checks-and-balances system might encourage toy manufacturers to better adhere to the standard. Use of probe-microphone measurements in the creation of a new standard might be helpful. In addition to limiting maximum output levels, it might be prudent to require warning labels on all toys that produce noise at an intensity over a specified level. Current efforts to educate parents on the dangers of NIHL should be continued and expanded.
Toy noise - noise standards - children's hearing
