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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-959194
Beatmung und Analgosedierung
Ventilation and Analgo-SedationPublication History
eingereicht 14.1.2007
akzeptiert 5.2.2007
Publication Date:
20 April 2007 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Der invasiv beatmete Patient bedarf einer adäquaten Analgosedierung. Mittels engmaschiger Titration (8-stündlich) anhand eines geeigneten Scores für die Sedation und die Analgesie sind ein stressfreier Patientenkomfort und eine Übereinstimmung mit dem gewählten Beatmungsmodus zu erzielen. Die Dosis der Analgosedierung ist regelmäßig (mindestens 3-mal täglich) neu zu evaluieren und ein Tag-Nacht-Rhythmus, mit einer tieferen Sedierung nachts, empfehlenswert. Dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, dass sich die bekannten pharmakologischen Daten oftmals nur auf die Einmalgabe der jeweiligen Substanz beziehen und sich das Eliminationsverhalten nach einer Dauerapplikation, die kontext-sensitive Halbwertzeit [1], bei kritisch kranken Patienten deutlich verändern kann. Das Ziel eines modernen Konzeptes einer Analgosedierung sollte für den Patienten eine optimale Sedierung mit einer kontrollierten Dämpfung des Bewusstseins und bei einer adäquaten Analgesie sein, die ein individuelles, optimiertes Spontanatemmuster im Rahmen der Respiratortherapie ermöglicht und ein frühzeitiges Weaning zulässt.
Abstract
Every patient receiving invasive mechanical ventilation needs an adequate analgesia and sedation. Based on validated scores, the individual titration of sedation and analgesia aims to maximise patient comfort and optimise patient-ventilator synchrony. By regular re-evaluation (e. g., three times a day) of the drug doses a day-night-time rhythm, with a deeper sedation during the night, can be achieved. It is important to know that the recommendations concerning the drug doses are often based on a single application, which does not reflect the real elimination kinetics of a continuous drug delivery. This may significantly change in critically ill patients. Using a modern concept of analgo-sedation, it is often possible to establish spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation and to promote successful early weaning of the patient.
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Dr. med C. Kelbel
Knappschaftskrankenhaus Dortmund Klinik für Pneumologie
Wieckesweg 26
44309 Dortmund
Email: clemens.kelbel@kkdortmund.de