Die Medien sind für die Bevölkerung eine wichtige Informationsquelle zum Thema psychische Gesundheit/Krankheit. Ein psychisch schwer kranker Mann hatte in einer ruhigen, abgelegenen Gegend der Highlands am Gedenkgottesdienst zum Ende des 1. Weltkriegs einen Pfarrer mit einem Messer attackiert und diesem eine ernsthafte Verletzung im Gesicht zugefügt. Unser Ziel war es, anhand der Berichterstattung in den Medien zur Tat selbst, zur nachfolgenden Gerichtsverhandlung sowie zur Untersuchung durch den NHS (National Health Service = nationaler Gesundheitsdienst) Highland eine mögliche zukünftige Verhaltensstrategie für den National Health Service in ähnlichen Fällen aufzuzeigen. Außerdem versuchten wir zusätzlich herauszufinden, wie Nachrichtenjournalisten bei solchen Ereignissen an die Berichterstattung herangehen. Wir untersuchten lokale und regionale, überregionale schottische Zeitungen und die Schottlandausgaben der drei relevanten Zeitungen in Großbritannien. Außerdem führten wir mit acht Journalisten, die an der Pressekonferenz zur Untersuchung teilgenommen hatten, ein telefonisches strukturiertes Interview durch. Der größte Teil der Berichterstattung stand im Zusammenhang mit dem Angriff und der Gerichtsverhandlung, aber nicht mit den Ergebnissen der Untersuchung. Lediglich drei der zehn unterbreiteten Empfehlungen der Untersuchung wurden überhaupt in einigen Berichten erwähnt. In der Berichterstattung ging es überwiegend um das Aufzeigen von Versäumnissen, nicht um Lösungsvorschläge. Der NHS hatte sich vor der Veröffentlichung der Untersuchungsergebnisse kaum zu dem Fall geäußert. In den Zeitungen war der größte Teil der Berichterstattung bereits erschienen. Der NHS hatte also seine Chance versäumt, Einfluss auf die Berichterstattung zu nehmen. Die Auswertung der Ergebnisse ist aufgrund der Größe der Studie begrenzt, aber die Berichterstattung zu solchen Vorkommnissen trägt durch Folgebeiträge in den Medien zum Austausch über psychische Gesundheit bei und kann einen gewissen Einfluss auf die Wahrnehmung der Öffentlichkeit zu Belangen psychischer Gesundheit haben. Unsere Schlussfolgerung ist, dass der NHS, ohne vertrauliche Information preiszugeben, in solchen Fällen eine aktivere Haltung bei der Information zum Wesen und der Behandlung von psychischen Erkrankungen, auch im Vorfeld von Gerichtsverhandlungen, einnehmen sollte.
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B. Paterson
Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Stirling
Stirling FK94LA, Großbritannien
Email: b.a.paterson@stir.ac.uk
