Synthesis 2007(9): 1279-1300  
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-966005
REVIEW
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Recent Advances in Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Additions

Jens Christoffers*, Girish Koripelly, Anna Rosiak, Michael Rössle
Institut für Reine und Angewandte Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky-Universität, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
Fax: +49(441)7983783; e-Mail: jens.christoffers@uni-oldenburg.de ;
Further Information

Publication History

Received 8 January 2007
Publication Date:
05 April 2007 (online)

Abstract

The conjugate addition of carbon nucleophiles to acceptor activated olefins is one of the most important reactions for carbon-carbon bond formation. With optically active metal complexes this transformation can be catalyzed enantioselectively. This review is a collection of the newer literature (since 2001) on this topic. The metal salts and complexes applied are in a broad range, starting from solely Lewis acidic M(II) and M(III) compounds, such as magnesium, zinc, boron, aluminum and the lanthanoids. Transition-metal catalysts suitable for asymmetric conjugate additions are compounds of ruthenium, iridium, nickel, and palladium. The most flourishing fields are, however, the catalysis with rhodium and copper complexes. Rhodium catalysts often have a chiral diphosphane like BINAP, or an optically active olefin as the ligand, the latter being a newer development. The privileged ligand structures for copper catalysts are monodentate phosphoramidites with axially chiral BINOL or other biphenol units.

  • 1 Introduction

  • 2 Magnesium and Zinc Catalysts

  • 3 Boron, Aluminum, and Lanthanoid Catalysts

  • 4 Ruthenium, Iridium, Nickel, and Palladium Catalysts

  • 5 Rhodium Catalysts

  • 6 Copper Catalysts

  • 7 Conclusion