Die funktionelle Organisation des frontalen Kortex

Lernziele

Die Erforschung der Ursachen neuropsychiatrischer Störungsbilder setzt ein weitreichendes Verständnis der normalen Funktionsweise des menschlichen Gehirns voraus. Da vor allem viele psychiatrische Störungsbilder speziell mit Dysfunktionen des Frontalhirns in Verbindung gebracht werden, beschäftigt sich dieser Übersichtsartikel mit der funktionellen Organisation des frontalen Kortex beim gesunden Menschen und bei nichtmenschlichen Primaten. Dabei wird, ausgehend von der traditionellen Untergliederung des Frontalhirns in einen lateralen frontodorsalen, einen frontoorbitalen und einen frontomedialen Anteil, eine umfassende Übersicht über den aktuellen Forschungsstand zur funktionellen Segregation frontaler Kortizes gegeben, wobei insbesondere Ergebnisse aus modernen neurophysiologischen und hirnbildgebenden Studien Berücksichtigung finden. Ferner werden hierbei einige allgemeine Funktionsprinzipien des Frontalhirns herausgearbeitet. Dementsprechend sollen in diesem Beitrag verschiedene Fortbildungsziele vermittelt werden:

Allgemeine funktionelle Unterteilung des Stirnhirns Neurophysiologische Funktionsprinzipien des Frontalhirns nichtmenschlicher Primaten Hirnbildgebende Befunde und die Funktionalität des lateralen Frontalhirns Hirnbildgebende Befunde und die Funktionalität des medialen Frontalhirns Hirnbildgebende Befunde und die Funktionalität des orbitalen Frontalhirns

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