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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-985621
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Symptomatische Therapie der Dyspnoe bei Patienten in der Palliativmedizin: Sauerstoff-Insufflation versus Opioidapplikation
Treatment of dyspnoea in patients receiving palliative care: nasal delivery of oxygen compared with opioid adminstrationPublikationsverlauf
eingereicht: 13.3.2007
akzeptiert: 9.8.2007
Publikationsdatum:
13. September 2007 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/dmw/200738/lookinside/thumbnails/10.1055-s-2007-985621-1.jpg)
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Bei Patienten in der Palliativmedizin mit einem fortgeschrittenen Tumorleiden ist Dyspnoe, mit einer Prävalenz von mehr als 50 %, ein häufiges Symptom. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Effizienz von Opioden bei dyspnoeischen Palliativpatienten zu bestimmen und herauszufinden, ob eine nasale O2-Insufflation vor Opioidgabe zu einer Abnahme der Dyspnoeintensität führt.
Patienten und Methodik: In einer prospektiven, nicht-randomisierten Studie wurden 25 Tumorpatienten, die auf unserer Palliativstation aufgenommen wurden, untersucht (Alter 64,5 ± 15,1 (40 - 90) Jahre; 11 Männer (44 %)). 13 Patienten litten an schwerer und 12 an moderater Dyspnoe. Als symptomatische Therapie erhielten 12 Patienten Morphin und 13 Patienten Hydromorphon. Die Intensität der Dyspnoe wurde von den Patienten anhand einer numerischen Ratingskala (NRS 0 - 10) beurteilt. Es wurden folgende Daten verglichen: Intensität der Dyspnoe bei Aufnahme ohne O2-Insufflation, nach 30 Minuten mit nasaler O2-Insufflation sowie 30, 60, 90 und 120 Minuten nach der ersten Opioidapplikation und ohne O2-Insufflation.
Ergebnisse: Die Intensität der Dyspnoe änderte sich während der O2-Insufflation nicht. Nach der ersten Opioidapplikation hatte sich die mittlere Atemfrequenz nach 30 Minuten hingegen signifikant gesenkt. Auch die subjektiv empfundene Intensität der Dyspnoe hatte sich nach 90 min signifikant verbessert.
Schlussfolgerung: Während der nasalen O2-Insufflation kam es zu keiner Verbesserung der Dypnoe-intensität, während bereits die erste Opioidgabe zu einer signifikanten Abnahme der Dyspnoe führte.
Summary
Background and objective: Dyspnoea frequently occurs in patients with advanced tumor disease receiving palliative care (prevalence > 50). Aim of the study was to assess, in dyspneic patients in palliative care, the efficacy of opioids in treating their dyspnoea and to determine whether or not nasal administration of oxygen previous to opioid administration would decrease the severity of dyspnoea.
Patients and methods: In a prospective, non-randomised study 25 patients with cancer who had been admitted to our palliative care unit were investigated (aged 64.5 ± 15.1 [40 - 90] years; 11 males [44 %]. 13 patients reported severe and 12 moderate dyspnoea. For symptomatic treatment of dyspnoea, 12 patients received morphine and 13 patients hydromorphine. The severity of of dyspnoea was rated according to a numeric scale (NRS 0 - 10). Recorded and compared was severity of dyspnoea at admission before any oxygen had been administered, after 30 minutes of nasal oxygen, and 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after the first administration of opioid without nasal oxygen.
Results: Whereas there was no change in the severity of dyspnoea during nasal oxygen administration, mean respiratory rate (f) 30 minutes after the first opioid application had significantly decreased. The intensity of dyspnoea had significantly diminished 90 minutes after the first opioid application.
Conclusion: During nasal oxygen administration the severity of dyspnoea, as measured by use of NRS had not decreased, whereas it had significantly decreased after the first opioid administration.
Schlüsselwörter
Dyspnoe - Palliativmedizin - nasale Sauerstoff-Insufflation - Opioide - Morphin
Key words
dyspnoea - palliative care - nasal oxygen - opioids - morphine
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Dr. med. Katri Elina Clemens
Lehr- und Forschungsstelle Zentrum für Palliativmedizin, Malteser Krankenhaus Bonn/Rhein-Sieg
von-Hompesch-Str. 1
53123 Bonn
Telefon: 0228/6481-13169
Fax: 0228/6481-851
eMail: katri-elina.clemens@malteser.de