Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die dynamische und statische Compliance (Cdyn bzw. Cstat ) stellen ebenso wie die Atemarbeit wesentliche Parameter der atemmechanischen Eigenschaften der Lunge dar. Referenzwerte oder Korrelationen mit anderen Lungenfunktionsparametern wurden bislang nur in kleinen Probandenkollektiven erhoben. Ziel der Untersuchung war es daher, einen Vergleich von statischer und dynamischer Lungendehnbarkeit mit Standardparametern der Lungenfunktion anzustellen. Methode: Bei 208 männlichen Probanden zwischen 20 und 70 Jahren wurden eine Spirometrie, eine Bodyplethysmographie sowie eine Bestimmung des Transferfaktors mittels Einatemzug-Methode durchgeführt. Die Messung von Cdyn und Cstat sowie der Atemarbeit erfolgten mit der Ösophagusdruck-Methode. Ergebnisse: Cdyn und Cstat zeigten eine signifikante positive Korrelation mit totaler Lungenkapazität (TLC), Vitalkapazität (VC), dem forcierten exspiratorischen Volumen in der ersten Sekunde (FEV1 ) und dem Transferfaktor (TLCO ). Cdyn fiel mit zunehmendem Lebensalter etwas ab, Cstat wies eine positive Korrelation mit der Körpergröße auf. Die visköse und die elastische Atemarbeit an der Lunge korrelierten positiv mit dem Atemwegswiderstand. Eine Korrelation zum Lebensalter stellte sich nicht dar. Schlussfolgerungen: Eine Interpretation der Lungen-Compliance ist nur unter Berücksichtigung der totalen Lungenkapazität, der Vitalkapazität und des Atemwegswiderstandes sinnvoll, da diese eng miteinander verknüpft sind. Dagegen hängt die Atemarbeit im Wesentlichen nur von dem Atemwegswiderstand ab. Compliance und Atemarbeit verändern sich mit zunehmendem Lebensalter kaum.
Abstract
Background: Dynamic and static pulmonary compliance as well as the work of breathing are essential parameters for describing respiratory mechanics. However, current reference values or correlations with other pulmonary function variables have been established only in studies with small numbers of participants. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare pulmonary compliance and the work of breathing with different pulmonary function parameters in a large number of men. Methods: In 208 healthy men, aged 20 to 70 years, spirometry, bodyplethysmography and carbon monoxide transfer factor measurements were conducted. The esophageal pressure method was used to measure dynamic (Cdyn ) and static (Cstat ) compliance. Results: Cdyn and Cstat were significantly correlated with total lung capacity (TLC), vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1 ) and carbon monoxide transfer factor (TLCO ). Cdyn decreased with increasing age, while Cstat was correlated with height. The elastic and non-elastic work of breathing were significantly correlated with airway resistance, but not with aging. Conclusions: Lung volumes are important for the interpretation of pulmonary compliance and the work of breathing and therefore have to be considered in the assessment of respiratory mechanics. In contrast, the work of breathing is essentially influenced by the airway resistance. With increasing age there is only a small decrease in pulmonary compliance and the work of breathing.
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Dr. med. Wolfgang Galetke
Krankenhaus Bethanien Solingen, Klinik für Pneumologie und Allergologie, Zentrum für Schlaf- und Beatmungsmedizin; Institut für Pneumologie an der Universität Witten/Herdecke
Aufderhöher Straße 169-175
42699 Solingen
Email: galetke@klinik-bethanien.de