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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-995760
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Autoimmuninduktion durch pegyliertes Interferon-alpha-2b in Korrelation zur Überlebenszeit bei Mittel- und Hochrisikomelanompatienten
Induction of Autoimmunity by Pegylated Interferon-alpha-2b in Correlation to Survival Time in Medium and High Risk Melanoma PatientsPublication History
Publication Date:
28 May 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Das Auftreten von Autoimmunreaktionen bei Tumorpatienten scheint mit einer besseren Prognose assoziiert zu sein. Ziel dieser retrospektiven Datenanalyse war die Erfassung von Autoimmunreaktionen unter Therapie mit pegyliertem Interferon-alpha-2b und die Untersuchung einer Korrelation zwischen Autoimmuninduktion und Überlebenszeit.
Patienten und Methodik: Hierzu wurden bei 25 Patienten mit histologisch nachgewiesenem malignem Melanom im R0-resezierten Stadium Ib-IV vor Therapiebeginn sowie alle drei Monate während einer 18-monatigen adjuvanten Therapie mit 2 µg/kg pegyliertem Interferon-alpha-2b pro Woche klinische und serologische Parameter zur Detektierung einer Autoimmunerkrankung erhoben.
Ergebnisse: Unter Therapie entwickelten 16 von 25 Patienten (64 %) Autoantikörper. Die Überlebenszeiten der Patienten mit nachweislich neuen Autoantikörpern und solche ohne Entwicklung von Autoantikörpern unterschieden sich nur unwesentlich voneinander (31,6 versus 31,9 Monate). Alle 6 Patienten, die unter Interferontherapie eine klinisch manifeste Autoimmunthyreoiditis und/oder spezifische antinukleäre Antikörper entwickelten, waren jedoch 36 Monate nach Beginn der Therapie noch am Leben, davon zwei Patienten in kompletter Remission im Stadium IV. Verglichen hierzu lag die mittlere Überlebenszeit in der AK-positiven physiologisch irrelevanten Restgruppe bei 26,73 Monaten (n = 10/16).
Schlussfolgerung: Die Anzahl unserer Patienten, die eine Autoimmunreaktion unter pegyliertem Interferon-alpha-2b entwickelten, ist verglichen mit publizierten Daten zum nicht pegylierten Interferon-alpha deutlich höher. Die Relevanz spezifischer Autoimmunreaktionen als prognostischer Marker einer krankheitskontrollierenden antitumorösen Immunantwort bleibt zu beweisen.
Abstract
Background: The appearance of autoimmunity in tumor patients seems to be associated with a better prognosis. The aim of this retrospective study was to detect autoimmunity under adjuvant treatment with pegylated interferon-alpha-2b and to determine a correlation between autoimmune induction and survival.
Patients and Methods: To detect autoimmunity clinical and serological parameters were examined in 25 patients with R0-resected histological proven stage Ib-IV melanoma before and every three months during an 18-month adjuvant treatment with 2 µg/kg pegylated interferon-alpha-2b given once a week.
Results: Under treatment 16 of 25 patients (64 %) developed autoantibodies. There was no significant difference regarding survival data in patients with or without induction of autoantibodies (31,6 versus 31,9 months). However, it is remarkable that all 6 patients developing a clinically significant autoimmune thyroiditis and/or specific antinuclear antibodies were still alive 36 months after treatment beginning, with two of these patients being in complete remission from stage IV melanoma, compared to a mean survival time of 26,73 months for the remaining patient group with physiological irrelevant positive antibodies (n = 10/16).
Conclusions: In our cohort, the number of patients who developed autoimmunity under pegylated interferon-alpha-2b is significantly higher as published data of non-pegylated interferon-alpha. Nevertheless, the significance of specific autoimmune induction as a prognostic indicator for a disease controlling antitumor immune response still needs to be confirmed.
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Dr. med. Carmen Loquai
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie
Universität Mainz
Langenbeckstr. 1
55131 Mainz
Email: carmen.loquai@ukmainz.de