Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Anwendung eines LapSim®-Trainingsmodells im Studententrainingslabor sowie die
objektive Evaluation von Stress in einem virtuellen Operations-Szenario bieten neue
Perspektiven der laparoskopischen Simulation. Methodik: Im Studententrainingslabor erfolgte bei 28 Probanden am LapSim® Virtual-Reality (VR)-Simulator
in einem Trainingscurriculum, bestehend aus 9 Einheiten, die Erfassung von Lernkurven
laparoskopischer Basisfertigkeiten sowie komplexer Prozesse. In einem virtuellen Operations-Szenario
wurde des Weiteren bei 18 Chirurgen eine Stressevaluation mittels eines Sympathikografen
vorgenommen und dabei die laparoskopische Fehler- und Komplikationsrate erfasst. Hierbei
konnten 3 unterschiedliche Stress-Reaktionen (SR 1-3) identifiziert werden. Ergebnisse: Im Studententrainingslabor konnten für die Zielparameter der Bewegungsausmaße der
laparoskopischen Instrumente (Wegelänge und Gradabweichung vom „optimalen Weg”) sowie
der Dauer der Prozedur zu Beginn des Curriculums (Einheit 1) die größten Lerneffekte
mit Verbesserung der laparoskopischen Leistung dargestellt werden. Im virtuellen Stress-Szenario
waren die intraoperativen Fehlerraten bei Probanden mit einer Stressreaktion ohne
Erholung (SR-1) geringer als bei denjenigen mit Erholung (SR-2) oder ohne Stressreaktion
(SR-3). Schlussfolgerung: Sowohl die Anwendung des LapSim® Virtual-Reality (VR)-Simulators im Studententrainingslabor
als auch für die Stress- und Krisensimulation stellen neue Perspektiven der laparoskopischen
Simulation dar, die in Zukunft weiter evaluiert werden müssen. Der Transfer in den
„reellen” Operationssaal wird hierbei ein wesentliches Paradigma sowohl des Trainings
als auch der wissenschaftlichen Validierung sein.
Abstract
Background: Application of a LapSim®-training model in the Students' Skills Lab as well as the
objective evaluation of stress in a virtual operating room scenario offer new perspectives
in laparoscopic simulation. Methods: In a Students' Skills Lab, assessment of learning curves of laparoscopic basic skills and complex tasks was
carried out with 28 individuals at a LapSim® Virtual Reality (VR)-simulator in a training
curriculum consisting of 9 units. In addition, in a virtual operating room scenario,
stress evaluation was performed with 18 surgeons by means of a sympathicograph and,
in that way, the laparoscopic error and complication rate were recorded. Three different
stress reactions (SR 1-3) could be identified. Results: In the Students' Skills Lab, at the beginning of the curriculum (unit 1), the best
learning effects together with the improvement of the laparoscopic performance could
be presented for the two parameters: Extent of movement of the laparoscopic instruments
(length of path as well as degree of deviation from the “optimal course”) and duration
of the procedure. In the virtual stress scenario, the intraoperative error rate of
surgeons with a stress reaction without recovery (SR-1) was lower than of those with
recovery (SR-2) or without stress reaction (SR-3). Conclusion: Application of the LapSim® Virtual Reality (VR)-simulator in the Students' Skills
Lab and for stress and crisis simulation represents a new perspective in laparoscopic
simulation, which will have to be further evaluated in the future. The transfer to
the “real” operating room will have to be continued as a training and scientific validation
paradigm.
Schlüsselwörter
LapSim® Virtual-Reality (VR)-Laparoskopiesimulator - chirurgische Fertigkeiten - Training
und Bewertung - Studententrainingslabor - Stressevaluation
Key words
LapSim®-Virtual Reality (VR) laparoscopic simulator - surgical skills - training and
assessment - Students' Skills Lab - stress evaluation
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Dr. med. habil. I. Gockel
Klinik für Allgemein- und Abdominalchirurgie · Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Langenbeckstr. 1
55131 Mainz
Phone: 0 61 31 / 17 72 91
Fax: 0 61 31 / 17 66 30
Email: gockel@ach.klinik.uni-mainz.de